Generated by All in One SEO v4.9.3, this is an llms.txt file, used by LLMs to index the site. # Katy Pearce Adventures in Research ## Sitemaps - [XML Sitemap](https://www.katypearce.net/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website. ## Posts - [I've Been Thinking a Lot About Fandom Lately](https://www.katypearce.net/ive-been-thinking-a-lot-about-fandom-lately/) - So I've been thinking a lot recently about fandom, for a couple of reasons. One is that I have, for a long time, been really invested in being a fan of various K-pop groups. In December, I went to a concert of a group I really like, and I had this sort of existential crisis - [Summer 2025 verbal AI policy + AI actions + AI policy statement](https://www.katypearce.net/summer-2025-verbal-ai-policy-ai-actions-ai-policy-statement/) - This is an update to an earlier AI policy statement, but with some additions of my AI policy in-person verbally given; and what I'm doing currently to try to decrease inappropriate AI usage. This also riffs on a previous blog post that I made about AI in the university classroom. Verbal policy Verbally - this - [Summer 2024 AI policy statement](https://www.katypearce.net/summer-2024-ai-policy-statement/) - Oh what a few years it has been with AI. This is built off of my previous statement. But after reading Teaching with AI, I thought more about the authors' discussion of AI producing C-level work and that the "new" standards should be better than AI. Those authors argue that instead of banning AI, we - [AI in the university classroom](https://www.katypearce.net/ai-in-the-university-classroom/) - Ah, the winter of 2023 - after ChatGPT publicly launched in November 2022, university instructors everywhere had a collective freakout when everyone realized that students could engage in all sorts of misconduct in an entirely new way. Certainly academic misconduct was always a part of our jobs, but this was different. AI-facilitated misconduct was more - [AI/LLM policy statements](https://www.katypearce.net/ai-llm-policy-statements/) - This is what it feels like to be teaching sometimes (made with Bing Image Creator, powered by Dall-E) It seems that all I can think about lately is AI in the classroom. I wanted to share my summer 2023 AI/LLM policy statement for my class. Feel free to use with attribution. Important to note: This - [Wordle me this](https://www.katypearce.net/wordle-me-this/) - Although my research is primarily about technology and inequality in Armenia and Azerbaijan, I do dabble occasionally in studying games. Also all of my teaching, undergrad and grad, is on broader technology and society, so I keep up with the research. I got into Wordle like many others did in January 2022 and I tweeted - [Questions I'm asked as a recommendation writer](https://www.katypearce.net/questions-im-asked-as-a-recommendation-writer/) - These are questions that are asked of me regarding self-funded professional masters programs in marketing and communication. I'm skipping the questions regarding how well I know the person, etc. These questions are to be answered in addition to a full letter. Program A's questions Please rate the applicant in the following areas: MotivationAnalytical skillsIntellectual capacityCommunication - [Manuscript trimming tips](https://www.katypearce.net/manuscript-trimming-tips/) - Word and page limits exist for a reason, but they present a challenge. These are my top tips for trimming manuscripts down. Cut references I know that this can be really difficult but these take up a lot of space. Hopefully you're using a reference manager already, so cutting is a bit easier. What I - [Facebook in Armenia, March 2020](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-in-armenia-march-2020/) - It has been awhile since I last blogged about Facebook use in the Caucasus. Again, here is a guide to how I get these data. Click on the tags for previous rates - here's September 2017, here is May 2018. Here is December 2018. As of March 2020, there are about 1,500,000 Facebook users in - [2017 Internet access in Armenia](https://www.katypearce.net/2017-internet-access-in-armenia/) - With the move toward online learning all over the world, someone asked me about Internet access in Armenia. The most recent publicly available data that we have is from the 2017 Caucasus Barometer. Here are a few relevant statistics. Please note that the survey respondents are a mix of household answers (like owning a computer) - [Facebook in Azerbaijan, December 2019](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-in-azerbaijan-december-2019/) - It has been quite awhile since I last blogged about Facebook use in the Caucasus. Again, here is a guide to how I get these data. Click on the tags for previous rates. According to Facebook, as of December 2019, around 3,300,000 Azerbaijanis, about 35% of the total population, or more accurately, 32% of the - [Social media and bullying in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/social-media-and-bullying-in-azerbaijan/) - This week a young woman in Azerbaijan took her own life as a result of possible bullying. Video of the act and subsequent events were widely shared and discussed on social media. As a result, many Azerbaijanis are discussing the problem of bullying in schools. Here's a summary of the case in English. Here's a - [Facebook in Armenia, December 2018](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-in-armenia-december-2018/) - It has been awhile since I last blogged about Facebook use in the Caucasus. Again, here is a guide to how I get these data. Click on the tags for previous rates - here's September 2017, here is May 2018. As of December 2018, there are about 1,400,000 Facebook users in Armenia, according to Facebook. - [Associate!](https://www.katypearce.net/associate/) - I received tenure in September 2018. If you see something out on the web that lists me as assistant professor, please let me know. - [Urbanness and Facebook in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/urbanness-and-facebook-in-azerbaijan/) - Click here for other posts about Facebook use in the South Caucasus. Here is a guide to how I get these data. Years of empirical research show that Internet use is far more common in cities than in rural areas and this continues to be true in Azerbaijan. As of June 2018, 32% of the - [Facebook in Armenia, May 2018](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-in-armenia-may-2018/) - It has been awhile since I last blogged about Facebook use in the Caucasus. Again, here is a guide to how I get these data. Click on the tags for previous rates - here's September 2017. As of May 2018, there are about 1,200,000 Facebook users in Armenia, according to Facebook. That is 40% of - [Political change in Armenia](https://www.katypearce.net/political-change-in-armenia/) - Armenia experienced its most profound political change since becoming independent when former President and briefly Prime Minister Serzh Sargsyan resigned. Sargsyan served two terms as president of Armenia, but in 2015, he changed the constitution which moved Armenia from a semi-presidential system to a parliamentary one. Then, despite promising otherwise, he was elected Prime Minister - [Facebook in Azerbaijan, April 2018](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-in-azerbaijan-april-2018/) - It has been quite awhile since I last blogged about Facebook use in the Caucasus. Again, here is a guide to how I get these data. Click on the tags for previous rates. According to Facebook, as of April 2018, around 2,900,000 Azerbaijanis, about 30% of the total population, or more accurately, 28% of the - [Books in childhood households, Eurasia, 2015](https://www.katypearce.net/books-in-childhood-households-eurasia-2015/) - via GIPHY The EBRD Life in Transition survey from 2015 asked participants about their childhood - "About how many books were in your childhood home? Do not count magazines, newspapers, or school books." Books in the childhood home is frequently used as a predictor of future educational attainment. But I'm curious for another reason. Some - [Political system preferences in Eurasia, 2015](https://www.katypearce.net/political-system-preferences-in-eurasia-2015/) - I've been playing with the 2015 EBRD Life in Transition survey dataset for the past few days. I saw an interesting question about political system preferences. Whereby people were asked to agree most with one of these statements: * Democracy is preferable to any other form of political system * Under some circumstances, an authoritarian - [Azerbaijan – 2015 sources of information](https://www.katypearce.net/azerbaijan-2015-sources-of-information/) - The EBRD Life in Transition survey changed their wording on this question quite a bit this wave, so it is difficult to compare to the past. But here I present the frequency of Azerbaijanis using various media as an information source. The question says: “People use different sources to learn what is going on in - [Armenia - 2015 sources of information](https://www.katypearce.net/armenia-2015-sources-of-information/) - The EBRD Life in Transition survey changed their wording on this question quite a bit this wave, so it is difficult to compare to the past. But here I present the frequency of Armenians using various media as an information source. The question says: “People use different sources to learn what is going on in - [Frequency of using the Internet and social media as an information source in Eurasia, 2015](https://www.katypearce.net/frequency-of-using-the-internet-and-social-media-as-an-information-source-in-eurasia-2015/) - The EBRD Life in Transition survey changed their wording on this question quite a bit this wave, so it is difficult to compare to the past. But here I present the frequency of Eurasians using the Internet and social media as an information source. The question says: "People use different sources to learn what is - [Internet in Eurasia, 2015](https://www.katypearce.net/internet-in-eurasia-2015/) - A few years ago I made a graphic blog post about household Internet in Europe and Eurasia. It is time for an update with the 2015 EBRD Life in Transition dataset. They've changed the wording to ask people if they have any household Internet access, including from a smartphone. They also asked why they do - [PC/tablet ownership in Eurasia in 2015](https://www.katypearce.net/pctablet-ownership-in-eurasia-in-2015/) - A few years ago I made some graphics and a blog post showing personal computer ownership in Europe and Eurasia based on the EBRD's Life in Transition survey. Last week I presented these data to some graduate students and that reminded me that I should update this! There are 2015-2016 data available and the picture - [Facebook in Armenia, September 2017](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-in-armenia-september-2017/) - I've written some blog posts in the past where I explain how I use Facebook ads to estimate how many Facebook users there are in a particular country. Here's a September 2017 update for Armenia! As of September 2017, there are about 1,100,000 Facebook users in Armenia, according to Facebook. That is 37% of the - [Facebook in Azerbaijan, September 2017](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-in-azerbaijan-september-2017/) - It has been quite awhile since I last blogged about Facebook use in the Caucasus. Again, here is a guide to how I get these data. According to Facebook, as of September 2017, around 2,600,000 Azerbaijanis, 27% of the total population, or more accurately, 26% of the population over age 14, are on Facebook. A - [Medium posts about newcomers to protest](https://www.katypearce.net/medium-posts-about-newcomers-to-protest/) - I wrote a blog post on Medium about my experience protesting the immigration ban at my local airport yesterday. Here it is. - [Facebook in Azerbaijan, January 2017](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-in-azerbaijan-january-2017/) - It has been quite awhile since I last blogged about Facebook use in the Caucasus. Two interesting changes have happened: one, Facebook now also gives Instagram data and two, Facebook now reports on number of users in an average day. Thus numbers may seem lower. Again, here is a guide to how I get these - [Gender-based violence in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/gender-based-violence-in-azerbaijan/) - A colleague asked about research on gender-based violence in Azerbaijan and I started to answer her e-mail with some results from the 2011 CRRC Social capital, media, and gender survey, but quickly realized I might as well write a blog post on this! I did an analysis on some of the gender items a number - [Black Mirror Season 3 is here](https://www.katypearce.net/black-mirror-season-3-is-here/) - The new season of the series Black Mirror is here. This dystopian British series is fantastic. It dealt so well with tensions related to technology in our lives that I organized my winter 2016 CommLead professional MA class around it. We watched episodes, did activities around the themes of the episode, read related pieces about - [Popular media on technology and society](https://www.katypearce.net/popular-media-on-technology-and-society/) - Over the past few years I've moved away from assigning scholarly work in my undergraduate classes and now most of the outside of class materials are popular media on the topic. I've found that a very good journalistic article on technology and society is much more likely to be read and understood than a scholarly - [Facebook in Armenia - March 2016](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-in-armenia-march-2016/) - I've written some blog posts in the past where I explain how I use Facebook ads to estimate how many Facebook users there are in a particular country. Here's a March 2016 update for Armenia! As of mid-March 2016, there are 930,000 Facebook users in Armenia, according to Facebook. That is 31% of the total - [Facebook use in Azerbaijan, November 2015](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-use-in-azerbaijan-november-2015/) - I've written some blog posts in the past about using Facebook's ad data to tell us how many people use Facebook in a particular location, comparing it with World Bank population data. Please see these older post for the methods that I use. Here's an update. I collected this information on November 23, 2015. In - [Azerbaijan Gender Issues Online](https://www.katypearce.net/azerbaijan-gender-issues-online/) - In honor (?) of March 8, a blog post on gender... Last year I did quite a bit of work on gender and Internet in Azerbaijan. Here are two blog posts [1] [2]. Like in 2011, in 2012, there are almost no gender differences in Armenia or Georgia, so there is no need to write - [Facebook users in April and July 2015 in Azerbaijan, according to Facebook](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-users-in-april-and-july-2015-in-azerbaijan-according-to-facebook/) - I've written some blog posts in the past about using Facebook's ad data to tell us how many people use Facebook in a particular location, comparing it with World Bank population data. Here's an update. I collected this information on April 3, 2015 and July 16, 2015. In April, there were 1,600,000 Facebook users in - [Qualities in a child update](https://www.katypearce.net/qualities-in-a-child-update/) - I did an analysis a few years ago based on 2007 data on desirable qualities in children. The World Values Survey had a similar question, so here are the newer results. For what it is worth, I doubt that the translations are equivalent. So it is quite likely that a word for "thrift" or "obedience" - [I hate happiness ;)](https://www.katypearce.net/i-hate-happiness/) - Happiness or subjective wellbeing is one of the most difficult things to measure cross-culturally. Every time I see some happiness index I cringe. Gallup results are floating around the Internet, but here are the more transparent results from the World Values Survey. (Here's more on WVS in the Caucasus). Taking that into consideration, I just - [Just Imagine... Some more contextualization for the Armenia baby with Down Syndrome case](https://www.katypearce.net/just-imagine-some-more-contextualization-for-the-armenia-baby-with-down-syndrome-case/) - I see how upset foreigners are about the Baby Leo story. Again, I wish to add some context. As I mentioned in my first post on the topic, I have spent a lot of time in Armenia and the region and I spent most of my pregnancy 6 years ago in Armenia, so I have - [Some context to the Armenia Down Syndrome baby story - UPDATED](https://www.katypearce.net/some-context-to-the-armenia-down-syndrome-baby-story/) - Edits in red to reflect updated information. ETA: Update 11:47pm Pacific 6 Feb: Baby Leo's mother has come forward to tell her side of the story in an Armenian and English language Facebook post. She claims that her ex is not telling the truth. For the last week the tale of baby Leo Forrest has - [IDPs and religiosity](https://www.katypearce.net/idps-and-religiosity/) - ISIS/L is on everyone's minds nowadays. Some people are concerned that IDPs in Azerbaijan are especially vulnerable to ISIS recruiting because of their marginalized position in society. (I did a blog post on attitudes toward IDPs in Azerbaijan in 2013.) Some colleagues asked if there was any evidence that Azerbaijani IDPs are more likely to - [January 2015 Facebook use in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia - according to Facebook](https://www.katypearce.net/january-2015-facebook-use-in-armenia-azerbaijan-and-georgia-according-to-facebook/) - This is an update to this post from January and this post from March and this post from September. It is hard to know how many people in a country are using Facebook, but through Facebook's Ad selling program, you can get some rounded information. The numbers they give are not exact, so these percentages - [September 2014 – Facebook ad suggestions at Facebook use in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia](https://www.katypearce.net/september-2014-facebook-ad-suggestions-at-facebook-use-in-armenia-azerbaijan-and-georgia/) - This is an update to this post from January and this post from March. It is hard to know how many people in a country are using Facebook, but through Facebook's Ad selling program, you can get some rounded information. The numbers they give are not exact, so these percentages displayed below are not accurate - [Memeriffic! Having Fun With The Baku 2015 Mascots ](https://www.katypearce.net/memeriffic-having-fun-with-the-baku-2015-mascots/) - This week the mascots for the 2015 Baku European Games were released. And they're so cute! Jeyran (deer) is a female deer/gazelle (despite having antlers - only male deer have antlers) and Nar (pomegranate) is a boy with a pomegranate for a head (?). Maybe Nar is a girl? The eyelashes seem feminine. Social media - [#Armenia versus #Հայաստան versus #Армения](https://www.katypearce.net/armenia-versus-հայաստան-versus-армения/) - Twitter is a great platform, but for better or worse, it added support for non-Latin alphabets quite late. Today media.am had a great article on the use of the hashtags #Armenia, #Հայաստան (Armenia in Armenian script), and #Армения (Armenia in Russian). I thought that I'd add an additional layer by doing a NodeXL hashtag analysis. - [NCA poster](https://www.katypearce.net/nca-poster/) - I gave a poster at NCA14! - [Why I'm Going Device-Free (sort of) in My Classroom (9/29) - UPDATED 11/3](https://www.katypearce.net/why-im-going-device-free-sort-of-in-my-classroom/) - My classroom is literally a sea of devices. This may surprise those of us that went to college before the era of affordable laptops, tablets, and smartphones. For us, going to class meant writing notes in a notebook. Only two of my undergraduate professors used PowerPoint and I explicitly remember getting a C in a - [Hashtag Shenanigans Again - Karabakh Edition, #azesaboteurs and #saveazehostages](https://www.katypearce.net/hashtag-shenanigans-again/) - It has been awhile since there has been hashtag shenanigans in the Caucasus. Some of the major hashtag shenanigans players fell out of favor. But this week things heated up again. I started seeing random odd tweets from accounts and upon clicking through it seemed like they were likely fake accounts - brand new, stock - [Caucasian attitudes toward joining international organizations](https://www.katypearce.net/caucasian-attitude-toward-joining-big-international-organizations/) - There is so much discussion about Armenia's possible membership in the Eurasian Economic Union. Today I was in the 2013 Caucasus Barometer for other reasons and noticed that the EEU came up in a question. I've also posted the results for EU and NATO. I'm a little annoyed that EEU wasn't asked about in Azerbaijan. - [Do Sanctions Work Against Authoritarian Regimes? ](https://www.katypearce.net/do-sanctions-work-against-authoritarian-regimes/) - Recently former Ambassador Richard Kauzlarich and Freedom House head David J. Kramer published an article calling for sanctions against Azerbaijan. And while I agree that more drastic and creative measures must be taken, I am not sure that experience shows that sanctions are an effective tool against an authoritarian regime. Now, you may wonder if - [Facebook digging in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-digging-in-azerbaijan/) - Pretending to create an advertisement on Facebook allows for insight into who is using Facebook in a particular place. I document how I do this here. Today I was playing around with the Ad tool to see what Azerbaijanis are on Facebook. According to Facebook Ads, 52% of Azerbaijanis accessing Facebook own a smartphone, 25% - [Social Media and Information Wars](https://www.katypearce.net/social-media-and-information-wars/) - The past few days have seen a notable increase in cease-fire violations on the frontline of Nagorno Karabakh, with deaths on both sides (although more Azerbaijani deaths). I'm currently in Azerbaijan, but I keep an eye on both Azerbaijani and Armenian social media spaces and these are a few thing that have happened on the - [#armvote13 hashtag got taken over - looks suspicious](https://www.katypearce.net/armvote13-hashtag-got-taken-over-looks-suspicious/) - It is now 4pm in Yerevan, 5am in Seattle and I awoke to the #armvote13 hashtag having been taken over. #armvote13 was a "nice" hashtag for tweeple living in or interested in Armenia to discuss an election. It was really a democratic spirit. (Here are the analyses that I conducted over the past day or - [WVS: Is homosexuality justifiable? - entire world - map](https://www.katypearce.net/wvs-is-homosexuality-justifiable/) - I've written before about how difficult it is to measure attitudes toward homosexuality. But nonetheless, with the new World Values Survey out this week, I looked at some global comparisons asking is homosexuality ever justifiable (in this case 1 = never justifiable, 10 = always justifiable) and here are the results. Take them with a - [WVS: Wiretapping fears - all countries - map](https://www.katypearce.net/wvs-wiretapping-fears-all-countries-map/) - Here's a fun one - are you worried that the government is wiretapping, reading your mail, email. (Let us acknowledge that people might not be comfortable answering this, but...) And here are all the means, 1 very much - 4 not at all. Methodology notes. - [WVS: Trust in those met for the first time - world map](https://www.katypearce.net/wvs-trust-in-those-met-for-the-first-time-interactive-map/) - The World Values Survey Wave 6 came out yesterday. I did a post on trust in others, but wanted to visualize it too. Dark is more trust. Here are the means for all: - [WVS: Media Use - Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/wvs-media-use-azerbaijan/) - More on methodology here. The WVS media use questions are essentially useless (sorry WVS!) for my research. They ask about frequency of use as an information source and then use of a personal computer. However, since sometimes some people question my analyses about technology use in the Caucasus, these can provide a datapoint from an - [WVS: Trust in others - Azerbaijan and world](https://www.katypearce.net/wvs-trust-in-others-azerbaijan-and-world/) - More on methodology here. I'm currently working on 2 different papers that deal with trust of others in Azerbaijan, so I was very excited to see this. As per what literature says, Azerbaijanis have very low trust in strangers and very high trust in family. And here's the means of the world. Again, 1 - [WVS: Engagement in political action - Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/wvs-engagement-in-political-action/) - Methodological information here. Noteworthy point 1: Azerbaijanis probably wouldn't answer truthfully to these questions. Noteworthy point 2: I do not know enough about the organization that collected this data to stand behind it as I would work done by CRRC. But here it is: - [New World Values Survey is out](https://www.katypearce.net/new-world-values-survey-is-out/) - The World Values Survey is a large international survey, conducted every few years with a variety of cooperating organizations. In their words: it "is a global research project that explores people’s values and beliefs, their stability or change over time and their impact on social and political development of the societies in different countries of - [2013 Caucasus Internet and Technology Infographic](https://www.katypearce.net/2013-caucasus-internet-and-technology-infographic/) - Link to full 2013 2012 2011 And here's some graphics for the devices. - [Material Deprivation 2013 update](https://www.katypearce.net/material-deprivation-2013-update/) - Material deprivation Although many studies use income as a single indicator of socioeconomic status, certainly income is not a complete or direct measure of total economic wellbeing (Falkingham, 1999; Ringen, 1998). We use a consensual poverty measure, where the greater the number of consumable items absent, the greater the degree of material deprivation (Demirchyan & - [Identification with local and global - Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/identification-with-local-and-global-azerbaijan/) - In the 2012 social networks and media survey done by CRRC in Azerbaijan, respondents were asked about belonging to various groups. ETA: here's the breakdown by region - Baku, regional cities, villages 1 = strongly disagree and 4 = strongly agree. All differences are statistically significant. Capital and rural people much more likely to view - [PS - on trust in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/ps-on-trust-in-azerbaijan/) - As a quick follow up to this post, here are the frequencies of trust in various groups in Azerbaijan from the 2012 social capital and media CRRC study. No comparisons exist for the other countries. - [Trust and Relying on Others in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/trust-and-relying-on-others-in-the-caucasus/) - I'm working on a project right now that looks at trust, so I wanted to share some results from the 2013 Caucasus Barometer. Here's some work on trust from 2012. And more from the EBRD Life in Transitions study. First, the generalized trust question - there is scholarly debate about how people interpret this question, - [Facebook in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-in-armenia-azerbaijan-and-georgia/) - Number of Facebook users in the Caucasus is a popular topic. I did this analysis with data from Facebook itself. From the 2013 Caucasus Barometer, we see that 20% of Armenian adults, 16% of Azerbaijani adults, and 26% of Georgian adults use Facebook at least once a week. (Also provided are the percentages out of - [Voting in 2013 - Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia](https://www.katypearce.net/voting-in-2013-armenia-azerbaijan-georgia/) - The new Caucasus Barometer is out and I did some analysis on voting behaviors. (Here's 2011 and Here's 2012.) These voting rates seem to match up with the official reported rates. Wow - this is all over the place. Georgia isn't a surprise, Armenia is interesting, and Azerbaijan is depressing. Interesting with regard to the - [Research methods memes](https://www.katypearce.net/research-methods-memes/) - My Winter quarter class had the option to post memes related to course concepts and wow - did they come up with some fun ones! [View the story "Memes from Research Methods #com382w14" on Storify] - [Azerbaijan and gender online 2013 sneak peek](https://www.katypearce.net/azerbaijan-and-gender-online-2013-sneak-peek/) - Okay okay okay... a sneak preview. Previous posts on Azerbaijan and gender online for context... * Gender online, Azerbaijan, 2012, Caucasus Barometer * Regional and gender Internet activities, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, 2012, Caucasus Barometer * Internet infographic, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, 2012, Caucasus Barometer * Social networking sites, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, 2012, Caucasus Barometer * All - [2013 Internet Penetration - Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia](https://www.katypearce.net/2013-internet-penetration-armenia-azerbaijan-georgia/) - My favorite day of the year is here! No, not Fat Tuesday - but new Caucasus Barometer data day! I'll be posting a variety of analyses over the coming weeks, but here's the one everyone loves - percent of adult Internet users in each country. First, let us all acknowledge that I hate talking about - [SXSWi 2014 - LOLs of Nations](https://www.katypearce.net/sxswi-2014-lols-of-nations/) - Somehow I will be unlocking a major nerd achievement and will be speaking at SXSWi on March 8. My panel is called The LOLs of Nations: Understanding Global Memes. (We will also have a discussion of the panel at the Beacon Lounge immediately after the panel.) My talk is loosely based on these two papers - [March 2014 - Facebook ad suggestions at Facebook use in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia](https://www.katypearce.net/march-2014-facebook-ad-suggestions-at-facebook-use-in-armenia-azerbaijan-and-georgia/) - This is an update to this post from January. It is hard to know how many people in a country are using Facebook, but through Facebook's Ad selling program, you can get some rounded information. The numbers they give are not exact, so these percentages displayed below are not accurate for the true number of - [Facebook in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia - 2013 - with a gender focus](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-in-armenia-azerbaijan-and-georgia-2013-with-a-gender-focus/) - While figuring out technology penetration rates isn't my main interest, people do ask me a lot. I get nervous about giving percentages because I am more interested in demographic divides - gender, wealth, education, region, etc. And for the most part, giving penetrations rates doesn't allow for that. (See here for more on this.) But - [The Internet is Good For You!](https://www.katypearce.net/the-internet-is-good-for-you/) - The Internet is a strange thing. In the early life of the Internet there was a lot of rhetoric about how bad the Internet would be for all sorts of things - relationships, social life, civic engagement, etc. Now we know that 1) the Internet is here to stay and 2) the effects of the - [Mapping social media by Pew Internet](https://www.katypearce.net/mapping-social-media-by-pew-internet/) - A new report came out today that describe how Twitter clusters work. A GREAT read! Highly recommended. - [A response to Breaking the News: The Role of State-Run Media](https://www.katypearce.net/a-response-to-breaking-the-news-the-role-of-state-run-media/) - Christopher Walker, the executive director of the National Endowment for Democracy (NED) and Bob Orttung, an associate professor of international affairs at George Washington University’s Elliott School of International Affairs have an article in this month's Journal of Democracy, and an accompanying Washington Post article and upcoming event. I like both of them a lot, - [Beyonce... In Love](https://www.katypearce.net/beyonce-in-love/) - People that know me personally know that I LOVE Beyonce a lot. When the new album came out, I listened to it and watched the videos (while in Baku) over and over and over again. It is weeks later and I still listen at least once a day. One of the early singles from the - [Facebook Friends analysis... So many options!](https://www.katypearce.net/facebook-friends-analysis-so-many-options/) - A Facebook plugin called Find Your Best Friend On FB has blown up this week. I assume that it looks at private messaging frequency and frequncy of likes and comments and then pops out a photo of you with that person. I don't really like these apps because they're scanning your private messages and that - [Monthly income "for a normal life"](https://www.katypearce.net/monthly-income-for-a-normal-life/) - Since it seems like people enjoyed my last post about poverty, I thought I'd do a quick additional analysis. (By the way, ALL posts related to poverty are tagged for your easy browsing). And why do I, a scholar of technology do all this analysis of poverty? Because my research is actually about technology and - [Social media in the Caucasus Part 2 -- չորս քառակուսի, dörd kvadrat, ოთხი მოედანზე](https://www.katypearce.net/social-media-in-the-caucasus-part-2-չորս-քառակուսի-dord-kvadrat-ოთხი-მოე/) - After yesterday's post on my thoughts on social media in the Caucasus, I came across Foursquare maps of Yerevan, Baku, and Tbilisi. I love this sort of visualization and how you can sort of see the life of the city in it. Foursquare is a mobile-based "game" (it gets its name from an American (?) - [Tweet tweet - թռչուն, quş, ფრინველის, птица - social media in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/tweet-tweet-թռչուն-qus-ფრინველის-птица-twitter-in-the-caucasus/) - With all of the Twitter analysis I've been doing lately, I've been seriously thinking about social media use in the Caucasus. We know that a larger percentage of Georgians and Armenians are online than Azerbaijanis (2011 stats - I've seen the 2012 stats and this pattern continues) and weekly or more often adult Internet users - [Tech inequality in Georgia](https://www.katypearce.net/tech-inequality-in-georgia/) - Link to full document. While politicians love to cite percentage of Internet users as a meaningful metric for Internet development, this may not be the case. In this example from late 2011 in Georgia, we use that the sociodemographic differences between those that do not know what the Internet is, those who never use the - [Technology Inequality in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/technology-inequality-in-azerbaijan/) - Link to full document. While politicians love to cite percentage of Internet users as a meaningful metric for Internet development, this may not be the case. In this example from late 2011 in Azerbaijan, we use that the sociodemographic differences between those that do not know what the Internet is, those who never use the - [Gender differences in technology in Azerbaijan - infographic](https://www.katypearce.net/gender-differences-in-technology-in-azerbaijan-infographic/) - Link to full screen This is my first attempt at making an infographic, so forgive me. - [Armenian, Azerbaijani, and Georgian Internet user types](https://www.katypearce.net/armenian-azerbaijani-and-georgian-internet-user-types/) - What are the typical Internet users in the Caucasus? Using factor analysis (a technique where you see what things are related to other things), I've created some Caucasus Internet user types. I then used regression to see what demographic characteristics made it more or less likely for someone to be in a particular user type. - [What are Armenians, Azerbaijanis, and Georgians doing online?](https://www.katypearce.net/what-are-armenians-azerbaijanis-and-georgians-doing-online/) - This demonstrates the percent of Internet users and percent from the total adult population that are engaging in particular online activities. To see more on general Internet, check this out. This year there was no separation of Facebook and Odnoklassniki. I am under the impression, however, that Facebook has sort of taken over. Music and - [Regional and gender differences in Internet activities in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia](https://www.katypearce.net/regional-and-gender-differences-in-internet-activities-in-armenia-azerbaijan-and-georgia/) - A recent RFERL report about social networking site use in rural Azerbaijan got me thinking about doing a blog post about regional differences in Internet activities in the Caucasus. (And whenever we're talking about Internet and Azerbaijan, gender needs to be looked at as well.) I have a forthcoming paper in the Journal of Communication - [Facebookistan.am, Facebookistan.az, Facebookistan.ge in 2012](https://www.katypearce.net/facebookistan-am-facebookistan-az-facebookistan-ge-in-2012/) - This is an update to this post about 2011. 2012 overall Internet use here. All data is from the Caucasus Barometer. We know that a larger percentage of Armenians (52%) and Georgians (43%) are online than Azerbaijanis (27%) and weekly or more often adult Internet users are 43% of Armenians, 33% of Georgians, and 19% - [2012 Caucasus Technology Infographic](https://www.katypearce.net/2012-caucasus-technology-infographic/) - Everyone loves an infographic! This is based on the 2012 Caucasus Barometer. Here's 2011. And here is 2012! Link to full screen. - [Update to Azerbaijan tech trends slideshow](https://www.katypearce.net/update-to-azerbaijan-tech-trends-slideshow/) - Here's a 2012 update to this slideshow. Azerbaijanicts2013 from Katy Pearce - [New Caucasus Internet Stats!](https://www.katypearce.net/new-caucasus-internet-stats/) - Hoorah! It is finally time to release the new Caucasus Internet statistics from the Caucasus Barometer. The data is publicly released on March 1. I have a TON of posts ready to share. I'll cover activities, regions, gender, means of access, but let's start with the basics... As always, I welcome comments and questions. As - [Age distributions on Internet and Social Networking Sites in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia](https://www.katypearce.net/age-distributions-on-internet-and-social-networking-sites-in-armenia-azerbaijan-and-georgia/) - I had a request via Twitter for age analysis on social media use in the Caucasus. Ask and you shall receive. But first, let's start with Internet frequency. Certainly, there are a lot more younger people online than there are older people in all 3 countries. Interestingly, two-thirds of Armenian 18-24 year olds are online - [2011 Caucasus Internet Access Infographic](https://www.katypearce.net/caucasus-internet-access-infographic/) - Link to full screen Please let me know if you have any questions. - [Where do Armenians get online?](https://www.katypearce.net/where-do-armenians-get-online/) - I'm at the #ictd2012 conference right now and I've been asked about Armenian Internet use. Business Internet use is actually quite low, especially compared to household use. This surprises a lot of people. So I did a quick analysis to find out where Armenians get online most often. (This is rough 2011 Caucasus Barometer -- - [What do Armenians do on social networking sites?](https://www.katypearce.net/what-do-armenians-do-on-social-networking-sites/) - More from the ArMedia dataset... With so many Armenians on social networking sites (85% of mobile Internet users, 83% of Armenians that have both mobile and PC-based Internet, and 54% of PC-based Internet users in Armenia, as of a year ago), what are they doing on there? Mostly communicating with friends! While only a little - [Let's have a data party](https://www.katypearce.net/lets-have-a-data-party/) - Last year I wrote a blog post about triangulating different data sources. I used the example of mobile phone ownership and the ITU, Caucasus Barometer, and Gallup. In that post I said: "The point I’d like to make is that these statistics are complicated and it is hard to get at the “right” number. That’s - [Regional differences in mean of accessing the Internet](https://www.katypearce.net/regional-differences-in-mean-of-accessing-the-internet/) - Based on data from the Armenian Media landscape report, here are the regional breakdowns of means of accessing the Internet in Armenia (in early 2011). You can see that for the country as a whole, most Internet users are personal computer based – although mobile is not insignificant. In the capital, PC dominates, but for - [Household home Internet adoption in Europe – from ERBD’s Life in Transition survey](https://www.katypearce.net/household-home-internet-adoption-in-europe-from-erbds-life-in-transition-survey/) - Link to full image Data analysis from ERBD’s Life in Transition Survey, late 2010. - [What are Armenians doing online in 2013?](https://www.katypearce.net/what-are-armenians-doing-online-in-2013/) - Here's an update to this 2012 post. Green is of Internet users and blue is for all Armenian adult citizens. In the near future I'll do a break down of these activities by region, sex, etc. In this recent publication of mine, we show that rural, less educated, and poorer Armenians weren't engaging in capital-enhancing - [Household personal computer ownership in Europe – from EBRD Life in Transition survey](https://www.katypearce.net/household-personal-computer-ownership-in-europe-from-ebrd-life-in-transition-survey/) - Link to full image Data analysis from ERBD’s Life in Transition Survey, late 2010. - [Household mobile phone adoption in Europe – from ERBD’s Life in Transition survey](https://www.katypearce.net/household-mobile-phone-adoption-in-europe-from-erbds-life-in-transition-survey/) - Link to full image Data analysis from ERBD’s Life in Transition Survey, late 2010. - [The Internet Cafe is dead - most Armenians get online at home](https://www.katypearce.net/the-internet-cafe-is-dead-most-armenians-get-online-at-home/) - More from the new Alternative Media USAID-CRRC dataset. Most Armenians are getting online (primarily) from home. (I wish that it had had some sort of ranking or estimate of hours, but it is what it is.) And how do people get online at home? Cable, 3G flash card, and still dial up (I can do - [Social Networking Sites in Armenia - Facebook for Elites, Odnoklassniki for Everyone Else](https://www.katypearce.net/social-networking-sites-in-armenia-facebook-for-elites-odnoklassniki-for-everyone-else/) - (This is a continuation of a post I made in 2010 about this issue. This analysis based on the 2013 Alternative Resources in Media dataset.) So, the social networking site that one spends time on isn't arbitrary. Research tells us that generally people go where their friends are, but also that there are demographic differences - [Technology Inequality in Armenia](https://www.katypearce.net/technology-inequality-in-armenia/) - Link to full version. While politicians love to cite percentage of Internet users as a meaningful metric for Internet development, this may not be the case. In this example from late 2011 in Armenia, we use that the sociodemographic differences between those that do not know what the Internet is, those who never use the - [Social networking site use in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/social-networking-site-use-in-azerbaijan/) - Link to full document. - [Television in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/television-in-azerbaijan/) - More media in Azerbaijan. I did this infographic as a favor for a friend. This wasn't the easiest thing to portray as an infographic, so please excuse the difficult size navigation. (As always, please let me know if you want a gender or regional breakdown.) Link to full size - [Internet in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/internet-in-azerbaijan/) - While I've done infographics on the Internet situation in Azerbaijan before (and with a gender layer here), this is slightly newer data and there are a ton of interesting new questions that I'll try to address in the coming weeks. Link to full size - [Mobile Phone Diffusion in Armenia](https://www.katypearce.net/mobile-phone-diffusion-in-armenia/) - [Internet Frequency in the Caucasus - Awareness, Adoption, and Use](https://www.katypearce.net/internet-frequency-in-the-caucasus-awareness-adoption-and-use/) - I've been working on a project recently looking at lack of awareness of the Internet. In the U.S. we take for granted that most people know what the Internet is and have a general sense of what it can do, even if they don't use it themselves. However, even in the U.S., there were (and - [I Got 99 Problems, But Statistical Triangulation Ain't One](https://www.katypearce.net/i-got-99-problems-but-statistical-triangulation-aint-one/) - I often have conversations with people about Internet penetration rates. The point I'd like to make is that these statistics are complicated and it is hard to get at the "right" number. That's why we try to triangulate -- look at different sources of data to see if things seem right. We also should always - [Armenian ICT adoption - updated](https://www.katypearce.net/armenian-ict-adoption/) - Images from my #ictd2012 poster, plus some updates on April 1. Some fun bits: - 37% of Armenians have used the Internet -- that's some major growth, as you can see on slide 2. - And Armenians are using the Internet more often. 22% of Armenians are online daily and 8% are online weekly. Big - [Access to sanitation in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/access-to-sanitation-in-the-caucasus/) - Sanitation -- not the most interesting of topics, but nonetheless telling. Anyone that has visited the Caucasus can tell you that trash is problematic. And anyone that has travelled outside of the capital cities can discuss outhouses / outdoor toliet facilities. Taking into consideration that Armenia is the most urban of the three countries, it - [Debt and Savings in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/debt-and-savings-in-the-caucasus/) - Following on the consumption theme, it appears that about half of all Armenians, Azerbaijanis, and Georgians have debt. And few Armenians and Georgians have any savings (Azerbaijanis are slightly more likely to have savings). While this isn't the most mind blowing analysis, it is interesting to get some insight on how people are managing their - [Utilities in the Caucasus - water, electricity, and gas](https://www.katypearce.net/utilities-in-the-caucasus-water-electricity-and-gas/) - This begins a series of blogs looking at comparative economic wellbeing in the Caucasus. My primary questions are: who is doing well? Is wealth changing over time? and What are the differences/similarities between Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. (This is Caucasus Barometer 2007-2010). The first topic is utilities. Some scholars argue that access to utilities is - [What do Armenians, Azerbaijanis, and Georgians own?](https://www.katypearce.net/what-do-armenians-azerbaijanis-and-georgians-own/) - More on the topic of consumption... now on to durable goods and ownership in Armenian, Azerbaijani, and Georgian households. TVs and DVD players: Everyone, more or less, in Armenia and Azerbaijan has a TV. Interestingly, less than two-thirds of Georgians in 2007 had a TV -- is this a refugee issue? An electricity issue? (Electricity - [What are the sources of income in the Caucasus?](https://www.katypearce.net/what-are-the-sources-of-income-in-the-caucasus/) - So where do people in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia get the money that they need to live? For most households, the primary source of income comes from a paid salary (43% in Armenia, 44% in Azerbaijan, 32% in Georgia). Another primary source of income for many families is a pension or other government benefit (23% - [The Story of Stuff](https://www.katypearce.net/the-story-of-stuff/) - I've written before on consumption in the Caucasus, but here's a 2012 update. Any interesting ownership differences? Azerbaijanis like A/C, I guess. No major differences here, but looks like Armenians love their phones! People bought this stuff pretty recently. I admit, this isn't the most interesting analysis, but because it is so difficult to measure - [Material Deprivation in 2012](https://www.katypearce.net/material-deprivation-in-2012/) - A few years ago I wrote a piece about measuring poverty in the South Caucasus. That paper ended with 2010, but I was talking about it with someone yesterday, so I did some quick 2012 updates. As far as monthly household income in 2012, the distribution hasn't changed much since that 2010 paper, but you - [More poverty updates....](https://www.katypearce.net/more-poverty-updates/) - More poverty updates... - [Bribery in 2012](https://www.katypearce.net/bribery-in-2012/) - I have nothing to say. - [Trust and Gender in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/trust-and-gender-in-the-caucasus/) - I wrote a blog post a few weeks ago about interpersonal trust (using EBRD data). One of my arguments is that Azerbaijanis have very low interpersonal trust. After a conversation with a girlfriend, I had the idea to look at gender differences in trust as well. This is with CRRC data. First, without gender, you - [Attitudes toward IDPs in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/attitudes-toward-idps-in-azerbaijan/) - Sometimes sitting around in a coffeeshop brings interesting ideas. While sitting with Jale Sultanli today, she speculated that IDPs in Azerbaijan hold different attitudes toward Karabakh than other Azerbaijanis. I, always the nerd, said LET'S TEST THIS! So we did a series of analyses comparing IDPs and non-IDPs. Here is the first set of attitudes - [Media freedom in Armenia](https://www.katypearce.net/media-freedom-in-armenia/) - *Someone* is working on their thesis about media in Armenia, so in honor of this, some quick media freedom charts from the 2013 Alternative Resources in Media project. - [#putinout hashtag analysis](https://www.katypearce.net/putinout-hashtag-analysis/) - (Via Civilnet.am) There is a series of protests in Armenia right now, focused on Vladimir Putin's visit, but overall critiquing Armenia's possibly joining the Eurasian Union. Unzipped does a nice summary here. Here's my Dec 3 hashtag analysis that is the following relationships. It is basically Armenians (far left), foreigners (middle), and Russians (right). You - [Interpersonal trust in Europe and Eurasia](https://www.katypearce.net/interpersonal-trust-in-europe-and-eurasia/) - Interpersonal trust is, arguably, the most important concept for a society. Interpersonal trust is understood as the general inclination of people to trust their fellow citizens (Hall, 2002). Interpersonal trust is related to EVERYTHING - democratization, economic wellbeing... you name it. I did an analysis of some of the trust measures in the ERBD Life - [What does the Internet think of the South Caucasus?](https://www.katypearce.net/what-does-the-internet-think-of-the-south-caucasus/) - Well, really just Armenia and Azerbaijan... Googling for Georgia is too difficult. Inspired by this campaign that looked what Google automatically fills in for searches about men and women, I tried to do this with Armenia and Azerbaijan. I was logged out of Google, so these are the "natural" search results, not influenced by my - [Demand for Democracy in Europe and Eurasia](https://www.katypearce.net/demand-for-democracy-in-europe-and-eurasia/) - Demand for democracy is one of my favorite outcome (dependent) variables. It isn't perfect, but it is used frequently in public opinion surveys and has been shown to be correlated with all sorts of interesting things. In a transitional society, popular demand for democracy (or legitimation) takes the form of a choice between competing regime - [Georgians are social, women get out less than men do, and other unsurprising findings](https://www.katypearce.net/georgians-are-social-women-get-out-less-than-men-do-and-other-unsurprising-findings/) - 2011 Caucasus Barometer FWIW, Armenia doesn't have a chaixana/birja culture. This was going to be the end of this blog post, but then I figured that I'd put a more interesting spin on it and look at gender as well. I noted some of the more interesting items, but please come to your own conclusions - [#azvote13 hashtag updates](https://www.katypearce.net/azvote13-hashtag-updates/) - #azvote13 - mid-September to today #secki2013 - mid-September to today - [Shenanagins again and again](https://www.katypearce.net/shenanagins-again-and-again/) - I've written a lot about "winning" hashtags and how this is a boastful tool for organizations. Here's what I wrote yesterday on it. I've also written about trickery using Twitter. Here's a good one. But now I have a new story... As I was going through the Azerbaijani election hashtags, I noticed something funny. This - [We are young, heartache to heartache we stand; No promises, no demands #azvote13](https://www.katypearce.net/we-are-young-heartache-to-heartache-we-stand-no-promises-no-demands-azvote13/) - Hashtags are an interesting 21st century phenomenon. Hashtags are keywords to organize information to describe a tweet and aid in searching (Small, 2011). Hashtags also take on a symbolic quality and perhaps are an example of metacommunication. When I post a picture of parents recording every minute of a kids' holiday concert, complaining about how - [5pm Oct 9 hashtag update](https://www.katypearce.net/5pm-oct-9-hashtag-update/) - More to come, but... #azvote13 for last 48 hours Group 1, the largest group, was unnetworked people. Group 2 is a big cluster of foreign organizations and some individuals, Azerbaijani and foreign, associated with them. Seems like it was a lot of discussion and re-tweeting of Rebecca Vincent. Group 3 is pro-government. Group 4 is - [Election day hashtags 8am](https://www.katypearce.net/election-day-hashtags-8am/) - #secki2013 - just for the last day #azvote13 - just for the last day - [Hashtags day before election](https://www.katypearce.net/hashtags-day-before-election/) - #azvote13 mid-September - October 8 Interesting changes here. Group 1, the pro-government forces, are a really tight cluster now. They used to be much less close. Seems like they're talking to each other more now. Group 3 is a VERY tight cluster of oppositionists. Strong ties exist between Group 3 and Group 4, centered around - [Voting - 2012 version](https://www.katypearce.net/voting-2012-version/) - By requests, let's look at voting behaviors in the 2012 Caucasus Barometer. Do Caucasians think that it is important for a good citizen to vote? With three-quarters of Georgians believing that it is extremely important for a good citizen to vote (mean 8.74/10), and less than two-thirds of Armenians (8.37/10) and half of Azerbaijanis believing - [10/15 talk: The reproduction and amplification of gender inequality online: The case of Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/1015-talk-the-reproduction-and-amplification-of-gender-inequality-online-the-case-of-azerbaijan/) - The reproduction and amplification of gender inequality online: The case of Azerbaijan abstract: Inequalities found offline are replicated and are often amplified online. Results from a nationally representative survey in Azerbaijan, an authoritarian post-Soviet petrostate with a tradition of gender inequality, demonstrates that being female is not only a barrier to Internet use, but the - [Election week hashtag analyses](https://www.katypearce.net/election-week-hashtag-analyses/) - I'll be continuing to monitor the hashtags, but here is where we stand on Monday morning before the Wednesday election: #secki2013 for the weekend - pretty dead, but probably will pick up in the coming days full analysis #secki2013 for the past 10 days full analysis Opposition blogger muntezir is the most powerful tweeter in - [Talk on 10/10: Maintaining scholarly distance, developing trust, and protecting sources online and offline in an authoritarian context](https://www.katypearce.net/talk-on-1010-maintaining-scholarly-distance-developing-trust-and-protecting-sources-online-and-offline-in-an-authoritarian-context/) - Pearce, K. E. (2013, October). Maintaining scholarly distance, developing trust, and protecting sources online and offline in an authoritarian context. Digital methods, ethical challenges: A symposium hosted by the Annenberg School Center for Global Communication Studies and the Project for Advanced Research in Global Communication, Philadelphia, PA. Doing research in authoritarian states is not easy. - [Transnational Families in Armenia and Information Communication Technology Use](https://www.katypearce.net/transnational-families-in-armenia-and-information-communication-technology-use/) - New study out today. Considerable evidence has shown that migrants use ICT to maintain connections to their families and home. Unlike most previous researchers of migrant ICT use, we study those left behind. Using a nationally representative sample in which two thirds of respondent households have a migrant, we determine the effect of this on - [Media trust in Armenia - a methodological mess](https://www.katypearce.net/media-trust-in-armenia-a-methodological-mess/) - A few years ago I wrote a report summarizing a USAID-funded CRRC-conducted study of the Armenian media environment. They re-did this study this summer (no report seems to be available yet), but the data is up so I will be slowly but surely posting some findings. Let's start with media trust. This graphic makes it - [#khadijautan update](https://www.katypearce.net/khadijautan-update/) - My original post is here. It has been 2 days since I ran my first analysis, so here's an update. The groups this time are now MUCH clearer to me. As you can see there are 3 groups - groups 1 and 3 are anti-Khadija tweeters and group 2 are anti-anti-Khadija tweeters. Link to full - [Honor and Death: Is the Internet Exacerbating Suicide in Azerbaijan?](https://www.katypearce.net/honor-and-death-in-azerbaijan/) - September 10 is World Suicide Prevention day. The most recent data on suicide in Azerbaijan is from 2007. However, according to this (iffy) website, suicide is the 20th most common cause of death in Azerbaijan, with over 400 each year. In an informal analysis of Azerbaijani news stories, I came up with 6 young female - [Attitudes toward protest over time](https://www.katypearce.net/attitudes-toward-protest-over-time/) - (I did a quick blog post on this earlier this year, FWIW) Attitudes toward protest is one of my favorite Caucasus Barometer questions. (Sarah Kendzior and I wrote a piece centered around this measure in 2012). It is an interesting way to ask a question in a vignette format. People are asked which statement they - [Baby Makin' in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/baby-makin-in-the-caucasus/) - There are a number of initiatives to try to increase the number of babies born in the Caucasus. But how many kids do people want? It seems that Armenians, Azerbaijanis, and Georgians have very different feelings on this question. Also noteworthy is that only in Armenia do women and men see things differently. But there - [Low level corruption in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/low-level-corruption-in-the-caucasus/) - While corruption is without a doubt a major issue in the Caucasus, many think about higher level corruption rather than day-to-day corruption. This is an analysis of the 2011 Caucasus Barometer. All differences are statistically significant. Although these questions were asked with a great deal of privacy, there is certainly a social desirability effect here. - [Summary of all economic wellbeing posts - Poverty in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/summary-of-all-economic-wellbeing-posts-poverty-in-the-caucasus/) - Since I posted a lot of analyses on economic wellbeing in the Caucasus, I thought that I'd put links to them all in one post. Overall, I hope that this gives people a better sense of what dire poverty exists in all three states. If pressed, I'd say that based on these analyses, Georgia is - [Ten thousand signatures felt like ten thousand hands, they carry me](https://www.katypearce.net/ten-thousand-signatures-felt-like-ten-thousand-hands-they-carry-me/) - An online petition has been recently been circulating through Azerbaijani Internet circles asking people to support freeing youth activists who have been arrested in 2013, in light of the October 2013 presidential election. As of early August, 2000 people have signed. (The hashtag suggests they need 10,000 signatures.) I'm pretty meh about online petitions, although - [Do they even know his name?](https://www.katypearce.net/do-they-even-know-his-name/) - The Azerbaijani opposition has cooperated and agreed upon (for now) a single candidate for the upcoming presidential election: Rustam Ibragimbekov. Ibragimbekov (Ibrahimbekov /Ibrahimbeyov / Ibragimbeyov) is a 74-year-old screenwriter, best known for winning an Oscar for the (awesome) 1995 film "Burnt by the Sun." (Well, it won best foreign film, so he shared the award.) - [New Article: Digital Divides From Access to Activities: Comparing Mobile and Personal Computer Internet Users](https://www.katypearce.net/new-article-digital-divides-from-access-to-activities-comparing-mobile-and-personal-computer-internet-users/) - Here's the link! - [Congrats Azerbaijan! You're #2 in the world!](https://www.katypearce.net/congrats-azerbaijan-youre-2-in-the-world/) - USDA just released new data on household spending in various countries and looked at percentage of household spending on food. Azerbaijan is the second highest percentage of food versus household expenditures in the world. link Azerbaijanis spend 2,862 USD on all household expenditures and 1,257 USD on food per capita. This means food is 44% - [The least expected post... Bathroom cleaning in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/the-least-expected-post-bathroom-cleaning-in-azerbaijan/) - 3 young activists are currently in administrative detention in Azerbaijan. The Azerbaijani internet is in a tizzy because photos emerged in the past few days of these young men cleaning bathrooms. Today some Azerbaijanis on Facebook are posting "solidarity" photos of themselves cleaning bathrooms. (Here is a May 14 RFERL piece on this.) As I - [Uppsala talk](https://www.katypearce.net/uppsala-talk/) - I'm giving a talk in Uppsala, Sweden on May 21. Information here! - [#evnvote13 May 5 and May 6 updates](https://www.katypearce.net/evnvote13-8pm-yerevan-time-may-5/) - Yerevan voted today! Here's the TAGS explorer analysis. And NodeXL for 830pm May 5. Honestly I slept through all of this, so I don't have much analysis yet. More to come! NodeXL for 11pm May 5. NodeXL for 10am May 6. - [Video and slides for May 2 talk](https://www.katypearce.net/video-and-slides-for-may-2-talk/) - On May 2 I gave a talk at UW: Networked Authoritarianism in Azerbaijan: How the Azerbaijani government uses the Internet to deter dissent Slides Video - [#evnvote13 before the election weekend](https://www.katypearce.net/evnvote13-before-the-election-weekend/) - Hey, let's check in on #evnvote13, shall we? This is the Yerevan mayor election. On Sunday May 5 people will vote. I'm trying out a tool called TAGS explorer. What I like about it is that it automatically archives Tweets and the visualization is constantly updated. Also some of the different metrics are a bit - [Why is it impossible to hijack #armeniangenocide on Twitter? (Hye jack? ;))](https://www.katypearce.net/why-is-it-impossible-to-hijack-armeniangenocide-on-twitter-hye-jack/) - Today is April 24th, which is the Armenian Genocide day of commemoration. All around the world Armenians hold events to raise awareness and remember their ancestors. In the age of social media, April 24th has also moved online. For the last few years, Twitter hashtags of #armeniangenocide and #recognizethearmeniangenocide and #recognizearmeniangenocide have been common. This - [UW talk](https://www.katypearce.net/uw-talk/) - I'm giving at talk at the University of Washington Networked Authoritarianism in Azerbaijan: How the Azerbaijani government uses the Internet to deter dissent Thursday May 2, 2013 7 pm HUB 214 Katy Pearce Ellison Center for Russian, East European, and Central Asian Studies reecas@uw.edu In Azerbaijan, an authoritarian state with little space for free expression, - [#barevolution hashtag analysis April 9 10pm and April 10 1am and April 10 10pm](https://www.katypearce.net/barevolution-hashtag-analysis-april-9-10pm/) - #barevolution is on! Here's a hashtag analysis for the last week (this includes following relationships). Full report 3 main groups here - foreigners, diaspora, and Hayastantsi. Here's the analysis for just replies and mentions. Full report The groups here are more interesting. There is a group of people all talking to/with @onewmphoto, another with @goldentent - [Support for NATO and EU Membership](https://www.katypearce.net/support-for-nato-and-eu-membership/) - By request... - [Harvard talk](https://www.katypearce.net/harvard-talk/) - I'm giving a talk on social media in Azerbaijan on March 27 at The Davis Center at Harvard. Details - [Atheism in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/atheism/) - Atheism in the Former Soviet Union is a complicated subject. During the Soviet period, everyone was encouraged to be atheist, but what about now? While it is difficult to ask people about their religion, asking them about their attitudes toward particular religions (or lack there of) IS possible. First people were asked how often they - [#protestbaku analysis - the day after](https://www.katypearce.net/protestbaku-analysis-the-day-after/) - ProtestBaku was the "official" hashtag of the protests in Baku over the past few months. It has been used by both the opposition and pro-government groups. I've done a number of hashtag analyses on it. Throughout the last few months, the pro-government tweeple have both hijacked the ProtestBaku hashtag and started a few of their - [Hashtag analysis #protestbaku #10mart - March 10](https://www.katypearce.net/hashtag-analysis-protestbaku-10mart-march-10/) - Lots of action in Azerbaijan right now - I can barely begin to describe. But here's some hashtag analysis. #protestbaku from 10 March 3am full report I don't have much to say about this right now, but more will come tomorrow. #10mart full report 10 March 3pm full report 10 March 4pm full report 10 - [Cyberfuckery in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/cyberfuckery-in-azerbaijan/) - I've documented a bunch of the hashtag hijaking in Azerbaijan, but today they took it to a new level. Fake Twitter accounts for Emin Milli and Adnan Hajizada were created. REAL EMIN FAKE EMIN REAL ADNAN FAKE ADNAN The fakes used the same Twitter photos. With Emin, his real account is @eminmilli and the fake - [More hashtag tomfoolery](https://www.katypearce.net/more-hashtag-tomfoolery/) - While I'll do a full #protestbaku hashtag analysis, I wanted to share some odd hashtag behavior. The hashtag molotovlugenclik (Molotov Cocktail Youth) is being used by pro-government forces to attack the N!DA detainees. Full analysis. An analysis of this hashtag shows some interesting things. The largest group was around Rauf Mardiyev. There was another group - [What makes for a good citizen in the Caucasus 2012 version](https://www.katypearce.net/what-makes-for-a-good-citizen-in-the-caucasus-2012-version/) - I did some analysis on attitudes toward citizenship in the Caucasus in 2011. Here's the update! - [What is a good citizen (in the Caucasus)? 2011](https://www.katypearce.net/what-is-a-good-citizen-in-the-caucasus/) - For a variety of reasons, I've been thinking about what it means to be a good citizen in the Caucasus. With the growing differences between Georgia, Armenia, and Azerbaijan (differences culturally, politically, etc.), I was wondering how people view themselves vis-a-vis their country. And lo-and-behold, there were major differences (all noted here are statistically significant). - [#protestbaku got interesting again](https://www.katypearce.net/protestbaku-got-interesting-again/) - I've been collecting the tweets for #protestbaku but things haven't been interesting in awhile. But let's look at this analysis from March 8 at 5am. full report I don't really get these clusters. Groups 1 and 2 tweet in Azerbaijani mostly. And somehow I am in group 2. I am not sure what the differences - [Protest attitudes in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/protest-attitudes-in-the-caucasus/) - Attitudes toward protest is one of my favorite Caucasus Barometer questions. (Sarah Kendzior and I wrote a piece centered around this measure in 2012). It is an interesting way to ask a question in a vignette format. People are asked which statement they agree with and degree. * Very much agree: People should participate in - [Armenian election attitudes](https://www.katypearce.net/armenian-election-attitudes/) - There was an election in Armenia, you may have heard. The Caucasus Barometer asked people in November 2012 a number of questions, including some feelings about government and voting. (Here's some 2010 analysis on elections for comparison.) Most Armenians voted in the last election. And people weren't sure if it was fair. And most Armenians - [on #barevolution -- thoughts from Feb 23 (and a Feb 24 addition)](https://www.katypearce.net/barevolution-thoughts/) - I have to admit - I am REALLY excited about what is happening in Armenia. Here's the tl;dr: - Last Monday (18 Feb) there was a presidential election that almost everyone assumed would be fixed so that the current regime would win. - Nonetheless, there was an incredible effort to do election violating monitoring -- - [#barevolution and #armvote13 Feb 24 10am](https://www.katypearce.net/barevolution-feb-24-10am/) - barevolution What is my analysis? The Armenian twittersphere is SMALL. As has been the norm with these hashtags, foreigners and locals are divided. #armvote13 - [He's different, but how? Raffi and the #barevolution](https://www.katypearce.net/hes-different-but-how-raffi-and-the-barevolution/) - #barevolution is sweeping Armenia. I posted my thoughts here. But while Raffi Hovannisian is different from those in power now, what does he actually stand for? What are his ideas for Armenia? First, his background - mostly drawn from his Wikipedia page with some contextualization by me. * As I mentioned in my earlier post, - [Feb 25 2am #barevolution and #armvote13 hashtag analysis](https://www.katypearce.net/feb-25-2am-barevolution-and-armvote13-hashtag-analysis/) - #armvote13 #barevolution - [#khadijautan - something is strange here](https://www.katypearce.net/khadijautan-something-is-strange-here/) - In a reaction to #protestbaku, a number of Azerbaijani tweeters, especially those associated with the pro-government youth organization, began a Twitter campaign called #khadijautan. This translates to "shame on you Khadija." Who is Khadija? She is a journalist with Radio Free Europe, known for her investigations of government corruption. (More on Khadija here). What was - [Foreign language learning in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/foreign-language-learning-in-the-caucasus/) - I am so impressed with the linguistic abilities of my Caucasus friends. Growing up in a culture where bilingualism is uncommon, I am so envious of all the languages spoken by these friends. I have a piece in progress right now that looks at the influence of English language proficiency on Internet use in Armenia, - [Khojaly hashtag analysis](https://www.katypearce.net/khojaly-hashtag-analysis/) - There is currently a campaign "Justice for Khojaly." I wish that I could link to wikipedia or some other source with confidence, but this issue is so fraught with tension, it is very difficult to find a neutral source. With that being said, here's the wikipedia. So lots of Azerbaijanis have been tweeting about this. - [Dear Raffi.](https://www.katypearce.net/dear-raffi/) - Dear Raffi. Congratulations! You're really doing it! The crowds are growing. First, I'm sorry that I was so skeptical. I was skeptical back when you were hunger striking. I didn't really get what you were striking about. And I did giggle at the image of you with that blanket. And my basic attitude toward this - [#armvote13 and #barevolution Feb 26 hashtag analysis](https://www.katypearce.net/armvote13-and-barevolution-feb-26-hashtag-analysis/) - #armvote13 4pm (still foreigners versus those on the ground and note that Artur (@ditord) has his own cluster!) #barevolution 4pm #dasadul - this is a joke hashtag - [#barevolution and #armvote13 hashtag analysis Feb 25 and 26](https://www.katypearce.net/barevolution-and-armvote13-hashtag-analysis-feb-25-and-26/) - #barevolution Feb 25 6pm #armvote13 Feb 25 7pm #barevolution Feb 26 12am #armvote13 Feb 25 12am - [Please explain these knots of string on your blog in plain English](https://www.katypearce.net/please-explain-these-knots-of-string-on-your-blog-in-plain-english/) - I have discussed this before, but from a more abstract perspective... what is all this social network analysis stuff? A network is a collection of things that are connected to one another. By looking at the network, we can see the relationships between members - clusters of people, who is important, who is connected, how - [#barevolution and #armvote13 hashtag analysis Feb 24 6pm](https://www.katypearce.net/barevolution-and-armvote13-hashtag-analysis-feb-24-6pm/) - barevolution armvote13 - [#barevolution #armvote13 9pm Feb 23 hashtag analysis](https://www.katypearce.net/barevolution-armvote13-9pm-feb-23-hashtag-analysis/) - #barevolution 9pm Feb 23 #armvote13 9pm Feb 23 - [#armvote13 -> #barevolution Feb 23 6pm hashtag analysis](https://www.katypearce.net/armvote13-barevolution-feb-23-6pm-hashtag-analysis/) - #armvote13 #barevolution Sorry for the lack of analysis - I'm traveling but wanted to get this out there. - [#armvote13 -> #barevolution](https://www.katypearce.net/armvote-barevolution/) - So now that some real stuff is happening in Armenia, we have a new hashtag! #barevolution or Բարեւոլյուշըն in Armenian - so this is a play on words. Raffi say "Barev, Hayastan" to the crowd - meaning "Hello, Armenia." Moreover, the word "arev" means sun. I'm not really sure if this has totally caught on - [#armvote13 hashtag analysis update](https://www.katypearce.net/armvote13-hashtag-analysis-update/) - Feb 21 6pm Feb 21 11pm 22 Feb 6pm I'm a little confused by this latest analysis, but then I realized that some sort of news tweeting thing used the hashtag, so I redid the graph without that account in it. So here's the "correct" version. Same deal as before - people on the ground - [#armvote13 hashtag analysis Feb 21 1am Yerevan](https://www.katypearce.net/armvote13-hashtag-analysis-feb-21-1am-yerevan/) - Here's the latest. Biggest question for me is what is interactivity here, conceptually. Group 1 is foreigners interested in Armenia. Group 2 is on the group. Group 3 is our Azerbaijani friends again. - [#armvote13 hashtag analysis update Feb 20 3pm, 7pm, 8pm](https://www.katypearce.net/armvote13-hashtag-analysis-update-feb-20-3pm-7pm-8pm/) - Full report Okay, this is becoming a little weird. I'm not entirely sure what's happening, but I think that group 2 is still talking about the "hijacking" and group 1 is talking about the election. For those interested: #iditord 3pm Yerevan Feb 20 Րաֆֆի 3pm Yerevan Feb 20 Then a rally was held in Freedom - [#armvote13 hashtag analysis update Feb 19 5:30pm](https://www.katypearce.net/armvote13-hashtag-analysis-update-feb-19-530pm/) - Feb 19 noon full report Feb 19 5:30pm full report Focusing on the 5:30 analysis, things have gotten really interesting! Group 1 is full of Armenians, Group 2 is Azerbaijanis (but not pro-government ones) and foreigners (with some foreign Armenians thrown in the mix), Group 3 is Rauf et al. Group 1 is talking about - [#armvote13 hashtag analysis 11pm Feb 18](https://www.katypearce.net/armvote13-hashtag-analysis-11pm-feb-18/) - Okay, the hashtag is a bit back to normal. Here's the full report. Group 1 is foreigners mixed in with some Armenians. Group 2 is local Armenians. Group 3 are the Azerbaijanis that tried to hijack the hashtag. Will keep tracking! Here's the 1st and 2nd analysis. Also I did a quick search for Raffi - [#armvote13 and #iditord hashtag analysis](https://www.katypearce.net/armvote13-and-iditord-hashtag-analysis/) - Today Armenia has a presidential election. I've been tracking the election hashtag #armvote13 as well as the election monitoring hashtag #iditord. When I say tracking, I mean running #nodexl analysis on the hashtags. I explained how I did this for recent events in Azerbaijan here - basically why I am doing this, how I am - [Internet Commenting in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/internet-commenting-in-the-caucasus/) - [Migration Desires in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/migration-desires-in-the-caucasus/) - [Caucasian Consumption](https://www.katypearce.net/caucasian-consumption/) - [Azerbaijan establishes commission on Internet content](https://www.katypearce.net/azerbaijan-establishes-commission-on-internet-content/) - [#ismayilli hashtag analysis Jan 27 - Feb 4](https://www.katypearce.net/ismayilli-hashtag-analysis-jan-27-feb-4/) - Ismayilli isn't "over," at least on Twitter. full report What is really interesting about this updated analysis is the exceptionally tight cluster in group 1 - full of foreign NGOs and news organizations as well as English-tweeting Azerbaijanis and group 2 is again strange with all of these non-profile picture accounts. The tweets themselves are - [Hayrikyan hashtag analysis](https://www.katypearce.net/hayrikyan-hashtag-analysis/) - Paruyr Hayrikyan, a candidate in the current campaign for the presidency of Armenia was shot late Thursday evening in Tpagrichner street, downtown Yerevan. The wound was not fatal and it is reported that he was shot in the shoulder. ArmeniaNow (English), RFERL (Armenian). Who is talking about Hayrikyan on Twitter? Here's a hashtag analysis from - [#armvote13 hashtag analysis](https://www.katypearce.net/armvote13-hashtag-analysis/) - A few months ago it was decided that #armvote13 would be used as the hashtag for the upcoming presidential election. With one of the candidates being shot earlier today, the election has been postponed. (English RFE/RL) The #armvote13 hashtag isn't too busy, but it does seem like some people talking about this are using that - [#protestbaku - part 2](https://www.katypearce.net/protestbaku-part-2/) - So there is a new protest on January 26. It started at 3pm Baku time. Here's the analysis for 4pm Baku time. full report 229 users with 3559 in the last 5 hours. most common words: protestbaku - the hashtag itself rt - retweet ismayilli - the hashtag for the other event of the week - [What are these knots of string doing all over your blog, Katy?](https://www.katypearce.net/what-are-these-knots-of-string-doing-all-over-your-blog-katy/) - For the last 2 weeks, I've been posting a lot of images on my blog, but I haven't taken the time to explain what or why or how these are happening. Azerbaijan, one of the countries that I study, is experiencing some turmoil right now. Briefly, a soldier was killed in the military as a - [Watch a hashtag grow](https://www.katypearce.net/watch-a-hashtag-grow/) - Click here to see the #ismayilli hashtag grow. Here's my analysis of this hashtag. - [#ismayilli hashtag analysis](https://www.katypearce.net/ismayilli-hashtag-analysis/) - More stuff happening in Baku. While I would argue that Facebook is the best place to get news about Azerbaijan, there is some Twitter activity too. Tonight there was some sort of protest outside of Baku, this via Khadija Ismayil's Facebook. "It seems there is a social protest in Ismayilli, 300 km to the north - [#protestbaku hashtag update](https://www.katypearce.net/protestbaku-hashtag-update/) - Looks like #protestbaku is being used again, possibly for a planned protest on Saturday. full report - [#protestbaku hashtag update - after the protest](https://www.katypearce.net/protestbaku-hashtag-update-after-the-protest/) - Just a quick update... Full analysis - [Latest #protestbaku analysis](https://www.katypearce.net/latest-protestbaku-analysis/) - Not too much to say here that is new, but I want to ensure that I continue updating. Link to full report - [Qualities in boy and girl children in the Caucasus - window into cultural differences?](https://www.katypearce.net/qualities-in-boy-and-girl-children-in-the-caucasus-window-into-cultural-differences/) - Fairly regularly people ask me how the Caucasus countries are similar and different. For the most part the 3 countries share a lot. But there are some meaningful differences, to me, qualitatively. But one way to look at this is to think about how people raise their children. I don't have any literature on this, - [#protestbaku - now that the weekend is over, what happened?](https://www.katypearce.net/protestbaku-now-that-the-weekend-is-over-what-happened/) - Here's the at-the-time-of-the-protest analysis. And here are some updates from Sunday. Link to full. So 517 people tweeted. The most "networked" of those 517 are: aztwi ilKinHasani muntezir hajiyev eminmilli FuserLimon JamalAliBaku katypearce (that's me - full disclosure) turkhankarim Khadija0576 And the users who were replied to the most: raufmardiyev muntezir katypearce turkhankarim ruslanazad azer_rammstein - [#protestbaku hashtag versions 2 and 3](https://www.katypearce.net/protestbaku-hashtag-version-2/) - Since people are so fond of my first analysis, here's a new one that is more up-to-date. This is a bit harder to understand because it now includes all the people that have been retweeting, but hey, thought I'd share... Link to full version Who is the most popular on this hashtag? Top 10 Vertices, - [More news coverage from Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/more-news-coverage-from-azerbaijan/) - --- Programme summary of Azeri ANS TV "Xabarci" news 1700 gmt 12 Jan 13 BBC Monitoring International Reports - Sunday, January 13, 2013 Presenter Nigar Mahmudova 1. 0010 Headlines. 2. 0100 The Armenian armed forces have fired on Azerbaijani positions in Fuzuli District. No casualties are reported. 3. 0116 In a comment on the death - [#protestbaku hashtag analysis](https://www.katypearce.net/protestbaku-hashtag-analysis/) - EDIT 5pm Pacific, 5am Baku - Since this has been so popular, I've made a more inclusive version here. Thankfully the hashtag #protestbaku caught on and I was able to archive the tweets for analysis. I helped create it about 3 hours before the protest started. So here's a map of the hashtag (thanks Marc - [Media coverage of #protestbaku](https://www.katypearce.net/media-coverage-of-protestbaku/) - Hundreds rally over Azerbaijan 's conscript death Associated Press: Governmental News Report - Saturday, January 12, 2013 Author: AIDA SULTANOVA Associated Press BAKU, Azerbaijan (AP) — Several hundred people rallied Saturday in the center of Azerbaijan 's capital in protest at the death earlier this month of military conscript. Many participants at the rally, which - [Tragedy to turns to protest?](https://www.katypearce.net/tragedy-to-turns-to-protest/) - It has been a busy week in Facebook.az (or whatever you want to call the Azerbaijani political reality that is Facebook (side note: do Azerbaijanis ever sleep? I keep up with the Facebook goings on all day long. It is so active!) So this week, images came out that showed the beaten corpse of an - [LibTech Talk](https://www.katypearce.net/libtech-talk/) - I'm giving a talk on January 10 at Stanford's Program on Liberation Technology. It is based loosely on my work with Sarah Kendzior and will focus on how the Azerbaijani government takes advantage of equivocation to portray itself as a place where Internet freedom exists. The talk will be videoed, so I'll put a link - [Why the pardon?](https://www.katypearce.net/why-the-pardon/) - Mixed reaction to Azeri leader's pardon decree BBC Monitoring International Reports - Friday, December 28, 2012 Azerbaijani human rights activists have displayed a mixed reaction to the 26 December pardoning decree of Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev. The president pardoned 87 people, including two prisoners of conscience and 11 political prisoners according to the lists of - [New piece for RFE/RL](https://www.katypearce.net/new-piece-for-rferl/) - I wrote a piece on why technology penetration rates are meaningless. This is something I'm constantly complaining about, so I was glad to get it out there. - [Will be at Stanford in January](https://www.katypearce.net/will-be-at-stanford-in-january/) - I'll be giving a talk at Stanford's Liberation Technology Center in January. Link here Title: Not Free to Be You and Me: Equivocation and Internet Freedom in Azerbaijan Abstract: Azerbaijan has a unique approach to Internet regulation that represents a ‘middle path’ between open access and censorship. Because the Internet is both unpredictable and a - [This Week in Absurdistan.az...](https://www.katypearce.net/this-week-in-absurdistan-az/) - Lots of attacks on the Freedom House report Azerbaijani Council of State Support to NGOs disagrees with report of Freedom House Azeri-Press News Agency ( Azerbaijan ) - Monday, December 17, 2012 The Council of State Support to Non-Governmental Organizations under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan objected to the inclusion of Azerbaijan into - [New article out](https://www.katypearce.net/new-article-out/) - I have a new article out with Beverly Bondad-Brown and Ron Rice. Bondad-Brown, B., Rice, R. E., & Pearce, K. E. (2012). Understanding the role of motivations, audience activity, generational cohort, & contextual age in online video use & recommendations. Journal of Broadcasting & Electronic Media, 56, 471-493. http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08838151.2012.732139?journalCode=hbem20 We worked on this project in - [ANS TV news transcript](https://www.katypearce.net/ans-tv-news-transcript/) - Programme summary of Azeri ANS TV "Xabarci" news 1600 gmt 6 Jun 12 BBC Monitoring International Reports - Thursday, June 7, 2012 Presenter Nigar Mahmudova 1. 0010 Headlines. 2. 0100 The Armenian armed forces have fired on Azerbaijani positions. A clash is under way on the line of contact between Armenian and Azerbaijani troops at - [Armenian Mediamax on June 5th events](https://www.katypearce.net/armenian-mediamax-on-june-5th-events/) - Armenia blames fatal border incident on Azeribaijan BBC Monitoring Newsfile [London] 05 June 2012. Thanks to the vigilance of Armenian soldiers, the sabotage group was tracked down and neutralized following special measures. According to the preliminary data, the Azerbaijani side lost five soldiers and many others were wounded. The other members of the sabotage group - [Armenian media summary](https://www.katypearce.net/armenian-media-summary/) - BBC Monitoring quotes from Armenian press 6 Jun 12 BBC Monitoring International Reports - Friday, June 8, 2012 The following is a selection of quotes from articles and commentaries published in the 6 June editions of Armenian newspapers: Clinton's visit to South Caucasus Zhamanak (opposition), quoting Andrey Piontkovsky, political analyst: "The US secretary of state - [Kazakhstan?](https://www.katypearce.net/kazakhstan/) - Kazakhstan ready to contribute to peaceful resolution of Karabakh conflict BBC Monitoring International Reports - Saturday, June 9, 2012 Text of report by Russian internet news agency Regnum, specializing in regional reporting The Speaker of the parliament of Azerbaijan , Oqtay Asadov, met a delegation headed by the Speaker of the Senate of the Kazakh - [FPWomeratti](https://www.katypearce.net/fpwomeratti/) - Better late than never... Last week, Foreign Policy Magazine posted their annual list of people to follow on Twitter. Quickly the Twitter world noticed that it was void of women! So an alternative list, the #FPWomeratti was crowdsourced and formulated. And I was included! (And noted for my snarkiness!) - [Azerbaijan ICT Trends](https://www.katypearce.net/azerbaijan-ict-trends/) - AzerbaijanictsView more presentations from Katy Pearce. - [ICA presentation on Internet in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan](https://www.katypearce.net/ica-presentation-on-internet-in-kazakhstan-kyrgyzstan-and-tajikistan/) - Icakzkgtj from Katy Pearce - [Tajikistan Internet](https://www.katypearce.net/tajikistan-internet/) - (These are excerpts from a forthcoming research paper, but given the events in Tajikistan I thought I'd post the descriptives.) Tajikistan internet use, as of mid-2011: Aware of Internet 44% Of total, Adopted Internet 24% Of total, Use Internet Never 90% Less than monthly 2% Monthly 3% Daily 5% So what do those daily users - [IGF Baku public hearings](https://www.katypearce.net/igf-baku-public-hearings/) - Public hearings in October to precede VII meeting of Internet Governance forum in Baku 17 July 2012 ABC.AZ Daily News Baku, Fineko/abc.az. Azerbaijan Internet Forum’s Board has considered the issues of holding of the VII meeting of the international Internet Governance Forum (IGF) in Baku this November. The Azerbaijan Internet Forum reports that the Board - [Please help support our research project](https://www.katypearce.net/please-help-support-our-research-project/) - I am incredibly lucky to have some amazing research collaborators and friends. For the project that I’m about to describe, I’m working with three women who rock my world. Two of them are also academic mommies of young kids (together we have 5 kids under age 6), two are non-native English speakers working in English - [Gender equality in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/gender-equality-in-azerbaijan/) - Here are the results of analysis about attitudes toward gender issues in Azerbaijan. The upper left graph about women and work is particularly interesting. Women and men tend to agree on these items, except that men are more likely to believe that university education is more important for a boy than a girl and men - [Azerbaijani government steps up its digital game](https://www.katypearce.net/azerbaijani-government-steps-up-its-digital-game/) - Azeri opposition daily links new internet project to presidential election BBC Monitoring International Reports - Sunday, September 30, 2012 An influential Azerbaijani opposition newspaper has linked the launch of a new social networking website, www.butalife.com, to the 2013 presidential election. The owner of the website is Ilham Abduyev, brother-in-law of powerful Azerbaijani Emergencies Minister Kamaladdin - [Mobiles Galore!](https://www.katypearce.net/mobiles-galore/) - There are a lot of mobile communication opportunities right now. First, the new SAGE journal Mobile Media & Communication is launching in January and is currently accepting submissions. My favorite conference every year is the mobile preconference at ICA. The mobile comm community is full of great people and for me, at least, it feels - [Does political affiliation matter for Twitter use?](https://www.katypearce.net/does-political-affiliation-matter-for-twitter-use/) - My friend PJ Rey tweeted that it appeared, based on Pew Internet data, that Democrats were 50% more likely (18%) to be on Twitter than Republicans (12%). But, I tweet-pleaded with him, Democrats are younger, amongst other important sociodemographic differences, and that was likely to explain the differences. I then made my usual call for - [Adventures at IGF](https://www.katypearce.net/adventures-at-igf/) - I'm in Azerbaijan right now for the Internet Governance Forum. Specifically I'm presenting a paper (with Sarah Kendzior and Deen Freelon) at GigaNet and then defending a project at the Freedom House IGF Incubator. Baku is beautiful and I'm hoping for some great adventures! - [Ali Abbasov: There is need for joint struggle to prevent cyber crime](https://www.katypearce.net/ali-abbasov-there-is-need-for-joint-struggle-to-prevent-cyber-crime/) - Azeri-Press News Agency ( Azerbaijan ) - Tuesday, November 6, 2012 Nijat Mustafayev - APA-ECONOMICS. There is need for joint struggle to provide security in internet space and prevent cyber crime, Minister of Communications and IT Ali Abbasov said during his speech at VII Internet Governance Forum in Baku. The Minister spoke about rapid development - [Journalist mulls challenges of developing internet media in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/journalist-mulls-challenges-of-developing-internet-media-in-azerbaijan/) - Journalist mulls challenges of developing internet media in Azerbaijan BBC Monitoring International Reports - Tuesday, November 6, 2012 Azerbaijan is following the example of influential international media agencies and is increasingly moving its news content to the Internet , the Day.az website quoted Aynur Qasimova, head of the English service of the Trend news agency, - [Today in the Clusterf#*k that is Azerbaijani Internet Policy](https://www.katypearce.net/today-in-the-clusterfk-that-is-azerbaijani-internet-policy/) - A fun new trend in the constant stream of nonsense that is the Azerbaijani government's Internet policy. (tl;dr the government is setting up new ways to control the Internet without appearing to control the Internet.) Keep those Azerbaijani kids off the Interwebz! Now we're worried about the kids! Here are some news stories (some copy - [Azerbaijan enjoys internet freedom, president says](https://www.katypearce.net/azerbaijan-enjoys-internet-freedom-president-says/) - Azerbaijan enjoys internet freedom, president says BBC Monitoring International Reports - Tuesday, November 6, 2012 Excerpt from report by private Azerbaijani news agency Turan 6 November: President Ilham Aliyev has welcomed the participants in the Seventh Annual Internet Governance Forum under way in Baku [where the statement was apparently read out]. The forum has been - [Let's talk about sex baby (in Azerbaijan)](https://www.katypearce.net/lets-talk-about-sex-baby-in-azerbaijan/) - I'm writing about gender inequality in Azerbaijan (as usual) and was reminded about attitudes toward sex in the Caucasus. I had read some reports a few years back that looked at adolescent sex in the Caucasus countries, but thought that I'd summarize some of the interesting findings here and contextualize with my own observations. The - [Caucasus ICT Trends](https://www.katypearce.net/caucasus-ict-trends/) - [Chatty Katy](https://www.katypearce.net/chatty-katy/) - There are lots of opportunities to hear me talk this month and next month. Registan conference 10/4-5 - Polling in Central Asia Columbia University Harriman Institute 10/11 - Internet in Eurasia Central Eurasian Studies Society conference 10/18 - Blogging in the Caucasus University of Washington Ellison Center 10/23 - Georgian elections National Communication Association 11/15 - [Tina's Tail](https://www.katypearce.net/tinas-tail/) - This July we moved from Washington, DC to Seattle so I can start a position as an assistant professor in the Communication Department at the University of Washington in the fall. We have 2 cats, Bachik and Tina. Katy got Bachik in 2000 and she has lived in Michigan, Vermont, California, Washington DC, and now - [Tina](https://www.katypearce.net/tina/) - Memo Memo(1) - [Gender-based violence and sex workers in Armenia - a review of an empirical study](https://www.katypearce.net/gender-based-violence-and-sex-workers-in-armenia-a-review-of-an-empirical-study/) - Although most of my work is on technology, I have a deep concern for gender equality in the Caucasus. In my Google Scholar alerts today, there was a new article entitled: Gender Based Violence as a Risk Factor for HIV-Associated Risk Behaviors Among Female Sex Workers in Armenia Authors are: Delia L. Lang, Laura F. - [Azerbaijani TV news transcripts](https://www.katypearce.net/azerbaijani-tv-news-transcripts/) - Programme summary of Azeri ANS TV "Xabarci" news 1600 gmt 7 Jun 12 BBC Monitoring International Reports - Friday, June 8, 2012 Presenter Nigar Mahmudova 1. 0010 Headlines. 2. 0105 Armenian troops have intensively fired on Azerbaijani positions in Qazax, Agdam, Tovuz, Goranboy, Xocavand, Cabrayil and Agstafa districts, TV says. No casualties are reported. 3. - [The Eurovision Terror Plot, according to Azerbaijani TV](https://www.katypearce.net/the-eurovision-terror-plot-according-to-azerbaijani-tv/) - Azerbaijani TV details Eurovision bomb plot BBC Monitoring International Reports - Sunday, June 3, 2012 An Azerbaijani Lider TV has broadcast a report about a group of Azerbaijani citizens who plotted to launch attacks against the county's president and across the capital, Baku, during the Eurovision Song Contest. The report includes interviews with the suspects - [Armenian public TV transcript](https://www.katypearce.net/armenian-public-tv-transcript/) - Programme summary of Armenian Public TV "Haylur" news 1700 gmt 4 Jun 12 BBC Monitoring International Reports - Thursday, June 7, 2012 Presenter Kristine Melkonyan 1.0024 Headlines. 2. 0202 US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton arrived in Armenia on a working visit on 4 June. Armenian Foreign Minister Edvard Nalbandyan met her at Zvartnots airport. - [NK TV transcript](https://www.katypearce.net/nk-tv-transcript/) - Programme summary of Nagornyy Karabakh Public TV "Or" news 1400 gmt 6 Jun 12 BBC Monitoring International Reports - Thursday, June 7, 2012 Presenter Gagik Khachatryan 1. 0045 Azerbaijan has violated ceasefire and unsuccessfully tried to occupy some positions held by Karabakh. One Karabakh soldier was killed, two others were wounded. 2. 0213 Karabakh president - [Azerbaijan media reports](https://www.katypearce.net/azerbaijan-media-reports/) - Five soldiers reportedly killed in Azeri-Armenia border incidents BBC Monitoring Newsfile [London] 05 June 2012. It quoted the Azerbaijani Defence Ministry as saying that "at around 0630 [0130 gmt] on 5 June, an Armenian sabotage group made an attempt to enter the positions of the Azerbaijani armed forces in Asagi Askipara village of Qazax District - [Armenian TV says 15-20 soliders were trying to get to Tavush, 5-10 soliders killed](https://www.katypearce.net/armenian-tv-says-15-20-soliders-were-trying-to-get-to-tavush-5-10-soliders-killed/) - Armenian TV says 14 Azeri soldiers killed in two border incidents BBC Monitoring Newsfile [London] 06 June 2012. The TV said that in the early hours of 5 June Armenian troops had thwarted an attempt by a group of about 15-20 Azeri soldiers to advance towards a village in Armenia's Tavush Region. "The Azerbaijani side - [Armenian Mediamax says sergeant killed](https://www.katypearce.net/armenian-mediamax-says-sergeant-killed/) - Armenian sergeant killed in border clash with Azeris BBC Monitoring Newsfile [London] 06 June 2012. The front subdivisions of the Karabakh army started a defence fight and repulsed the rival making him return to their initial positions. As a result of the fight, the rival suffered considerable casualties. Yerevan, 6 June: An Azerbaijani sabotage group - [ANS news summary from 6/6](https://www.katypearce.net/ans-news-summary-from-66/) - TV says Clinton arrives in Baku as Armenians fire on Azeri army positions BBC Monitoring Newsfile [London] 06 June 2012. "[Hillary Clinton]'s visit is taking place at a time when five Azerbaijani servicemen have been martyred and Armenian troops have been intensively firing on positions of our national army and population centres," ANS said. The - [BBC Monitoring summary](https://www.katypearce.net/bbc-monitoring-summary/) - Azerbaijan denies over dozen soldiers killed in border clash with Armenians BBC Monitoring Newsfile [London] 06 June 2012. The official said tension was still present on the line of contact between Armenian and Azerbaijani troops in Karabakh and said that Azerbaijani soldiers have thwarted Armenian troops' attempts to penetrate the military positions of the national - [Reporting on the Internet from within Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/reporting-on-the-internet-from-within-azerbaijan/) - Is there a problem of Internet in Azerbaijan ? 7 June 2012 09:46 Turan Information Agency (Azerbaijan) Baku/07.06.12/Turan: There are serious problems with freedom of media and information, and information security In Azerbaijan, said Osman Gunduz , the head of the Internet Forum of Azerbaijan at the hearing in Brussels on the topic "The position - [America in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/america-in-the-caucasus/) - In honor of Secretary Clinton's visit to the Caucasus, a quick infographic on attitudes toward the United States in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. There were few statistically significant predictors of difference outside of age (younger people have more favorable attitudes) - education mattered occasionally, but region, sex, and wealth didn't make a difference. (I did - [Attitudes toward homosexuality in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/attitudes-toward-homosexuality-in-the-caucasus/) - There has been a lot of activity related to homosexuality in the Caucasus this week. Armenia's favorite LGBT-friendly bar was firebombed, Azerbaijan is hosting Eurovision, and Georgia has had some LGBT activism and negative responses. So, in light of this, here is some analysis of CRRC data on attitudes toward homosexuality in the Caucasus to - [Azerbaijan and Eurovision](https://www.katypearce.net/azerbaijan-and-eurovision/) - After a long love affair with Europe's campiest song contest, I'm very excited to see it be hosted in the Caucasus this year. However, there are of course many challenges here. Sarah Kendzior and I have a piece in Slate about Azerbaijan's demonization of the Internet in light of Eurovision. - [Internet Freedom exists in Azerbaijan?](https://www.katypearce.net/internet-freedom-exists-in-azerbaijan/) - From Interfax January 17, 2012 Tuesday 2:04 PM MSK President Aliyev backs unrestricted Internet access in Azerbaijan LENGTH: 170 words DATELINE: BAKU. Jan 17 Unhindered access to the Internet should help bolster freedom of speech in Azerbaijan, the country's President Ilham Aliyev said. "Azerbaijan supports freedom of speech and freedom of information. It has a - [Azerbaijan Internet Penetration - conflicting stories](https://www.katypearce.net/azerbaijan-internet-penetration-conflicting-stories/) - I stumbled across this article from Trend News out of Azerbaijan (I can't link because it is from an academic news search service). I'm going to take this apart line by line. Blue is the original, my text is red. Trend News Agency, Baku, Azerbaijan April 7, 2012 Saturday Internet penetration level among home users - [Armenian Parliamentary Elections](https://www.katypearce.net/armenian-parliamentary-elections/) - More infographics! This time on attitudes toward parliamentary elections (and parliament itself) in Armenia. As usual, please let me know if you have any questions. I know that there were no gender differences in any of these reported Link to full view. - [Azerbaijan to stop foreign broadcasts?](https://www.katypearce.net/azerbaijan-to-stop-foreign-broadcasts/) - There were a few reports this morning that Azerbaijan will stop broadcasting foreign TV content. This was from news.az and this hunky one from Turkish Hurriyet. I did a LexisNexis search though and it seems to be an older story. And apparently there were rumors that foreign shows would be allowed to remain. I'm not - [Nagorno Karabakh by the numbers](https://www.katypearce.net/nagorno-karabakh-by-the-numbers/) - Surveying Armenians and Azerbaijanis about their opinions on the Nagorno Karabakh conflict is very difficult. In both countries, demonstrating a pro-national stance is important. In Azerbaijan especially, despite great efforts, there is a perception that poll takers are connected to the government. Furthermore, the "rhetorical war" - as described by Tom de Waal - influences - [Relationship between desire to migrate and trust in government](https://www.katypearce.net/relationship-between-desire-to-migrate-and-trust-in-government/) - Recently Armenian political figure Vartan Oskanian joined Twitter. He tweeted a speech that he gave where he claimed that lack of trust in government is a cause of migration in Armenia. Thanks to him for giving me a hypothesis to test! Using the preliminary 2011 Caucasus Barometer, I looked at the relationship between desire to - [Networked Authoritarianism and Social Media in Azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/networked-authoritarianism-and-social-media-in-azerbaijan/) - Networked Authoritarianism and Social Media in Azerbaijan is an article by myself and Sarah Kendzior about Azerbaijan and Internet control. Here is the abstract. (Translation via Google translate.) And here is the link to the study. (Contact me if you need a copy because of lack of library access.) English: The diffusion of digital media - [Georgian Women in 2011](https://www.katypearce.net/georgian-women-in-2011/) - Happy International Women's Day. This month I'm going to share initial early analysis of the 2011 Caucasus Barometer that focuses on women. The first set is Georgia. This is early data, so there is a possibility of error. I apologize in advance if there is and will update this blog post if any errors are - [Kazakhstan Internet](https://www.katypearce.net/kazakhstan-internet/) - With all of the activity in Kazakhstan right now, I wanted to pull some findings from a conference paper/ article in submission about Central Asian Internet. (I can't post the entire paper while it is still in submission - sorry!) If you have questions or are interested in more detailed analysis, contact me and I'd - [English language proficiency in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/english-language-proficiency-in-the-caucasus/) - I'm working on a project right now looking at the relationship between English language proficiency and Internet use in the Caucasus. Although wandering around Yerevan, Baku, or Tbilisi might tell you something different, English language proficiency in these countries is actually quite low. Between 1-4% of the population considers themselves "advanced" in the English language - [Not surprisingly, Yerevan, Baku, and Tbilisi residents wealthier](https://www.katypearce.net/not-surprisingly-yerevan-baku-and-tbilisi-residents-wealthier/) - Regional differences are a big deal in the Caucasus. Thus, I did a comparison between capital city residents, those that live in regional cities, and rural villagers with the 2010 Caucasus Barometer. In Armenia in 2010, people living in the capital have the most consumption ability (mean = 2.33), followed by regional cities (mean = - [Armenians, Azerbaijanis, and Georgians' Food Expenses](https://www.katypearce.net/armenians-azerbaijanis-and-georgians-food-expenses/) - Armenians, Azerbaijanis, and Georgians were asked to estimate what percentage of their income is used for food and utilities. Overall, people in the Caucasus aren't spending a lot on utilities. Food, on the other hand, uses up quite a bit of a family's income. In all three countries, about half of all families spend more - [Income Distribution in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia](https://www.katypearce.net/income-distribution-in-armenia-azerbaijan-and-georgia/) - So with all this poverty, how much money are Armenians, Azerbaijanis, and Georgians making? In Armenia in 2010, the average monthly income was about $200 (mean = 4.74, SD = 1.28). In Azerbaijan in 2010, the average monthly income was about $300 (mean = 4.17, SD = 1.28). In Georgia in 2010, the average monthly - [Many Armenian, Azerbaijani, and Georgian Households have to Borrow Money to Buy Food](https://www.katypearce.net/many-armenian-azerbaijani-and-georgian-households-have-to-borrow-money-to-buy-food/) - With the high level of poverty, it is not surprising that many Armenians, Azerbaijanis, and Georgians borrow money to buy food. In Armenia, the number of households that have to borrow money regularly has grown from 13% in 2007 to 31% in 2010. Nearly a third of all Armenian families borrow money MONTHLY to buy - [Poverty in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia](https://www.katypearce.net/poverty-in-armenia-azerbaijan-and-georgia/) - To me, this is the most telling analysis of all. (In my series of economic wellbeing in the Caucasus, analysis of Caucasus Barometer data.) About a quarter to a third of Armenians, Azerbaijanis, and Georgians say that they do not have enough money for food. Further, another third (give or take), although they can buy - [Too Many Boys in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/too-many-boys-in-the-caucasus/) - As I've discussed before, the sex ratio imbalance in the Caucasus is of great concern. In this region that already faces instability, the 2 consequences of sex imbalance (first general population decline, second more boys than girls) could have dire consequences. In other sex-imbalanced countries, the labor market decreases which slows economic growth. Men can't - [Central Asian Women](https://www.katypearce.net/central-asian-women/) - While CRRC is known for its Caucasus Barometer, in Winter 2011, a Central Asian survey was conducted to look at access to justice in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Tajikistan. (Here are the data files and methodological notes.) These analyses are only on the issues related to women in Central Asia. There is a lot more in - [Some brief insights into the state of women in Armenia](https://www.katypearce.net/some-brief-insights-into-the-state-of-women-in-armenia/) - With recent reports about sex ratio imbalance in Armenia, a quick analysis of the Caucasus Barometer brings insight into the state of women in Armenia. Armenians certainly prefer boys, especially in rural areas. But even in regional cities and Yerevan, nearly half of Armenians state a preference for a boy. Moreover, Armenians (and Azerbaijanis and - [Migration Crisis in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/migration-crisis-in-the-caucasus/) - Is there a "migration crisis" in the Caucasus? Maybe! There seems to be an increase in interest in migration in Armenia and in Azerbaijan and Georgia, while interest is high, it remains relatively stable. Based on the Caucasus Barometer, 40% of Georgians, half of Azerbaijanis, and 59% of Armenians are interested in temporary migration (This - [Internet Tripled, Personal Computer Ownership Doubled last year in Armenia](https://www.katypearce.net/internet-tripled-personal-computer-ownership-doubled-last-year-in-armenia/) - My primary research interest is technology adoption and use, especially looking at digital divides (ownership and use patterns based on socioeconomic differences). I've been studying these divides and patterns in Armenia for a long time. 2010 was a very exciting year for me (and Armenia!) because after many years of low adoption rates for personal - [Feelings about the Direction Country is Headed in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/feelings-about-the-direction-country-is-headed-in-the-caucasus/) - How do Armenians, Azerbaijanis, and Georgians feel about the direction in which their countries are headed? The 2010 Caucasus Barometer tells us that opinions on this are mixed. Few people in any of the three countries think that their country is definitely headed in the right direction (3% Armenia, 11% Azerbaijan, 11% Georgia), although some - [Political Institutional Trust in Armenia](https://www.katypearce.net/political-institutional-trust-in-armenia/) - This is a study that I did with the 2008 (collected in fall) Caucasus Barometer. As a warning, it is pretty stats-heavy. If you're going to cite this paper, please use this citation: Pearce, K.E. (2010). Political trust in the post-coup attempt Republic of Armenia. Demokratizatsiya, 19, 58-83. Abstract: This paper presents a model of - [Approval of Others in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia](https://www.katypearce.net/approval-of-others-in-armenia-azerbaijan-and-georgia/) - This analysis was conducted on the 2007 Caucasus Barometer on questions dealing with approval of being friends with, doing business with, and marrying other nationalities/ethnic groups. (I apologize that this is more "statistics-y" than other posts. I did this analysis for a statistics class assignment a few years ago but thought that people might be - [Treatment of Citizens in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia](https://www.katypearce.net/treatment-of-citizens-in-armenia-azerbaijan-and-georgia/) - According to the 2010 Caucasus Barometer, people in Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia have strong opinions about how their governments treat citizens. Three-quarters of Armenians (74%) do not believe that the Armenian government treats its citizens fairly (half strongly believe this and half somewhat believe this). Half of Azerbaijanis and 43 percent of Georgians think that - [Rule of Law in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/rule-of-law-in-the-caucasus/) - People in the Caucasus think that their court systems favor some people over others, according to the 2010 Caucasus Barometer. Over half of Armenians (54%) and Azerbaijanis (57%) believe that this, and 43 percent of Georgians do. And while those that say that they don't know are high in each country (10% of Armenians, 18% - [Self-Expression in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/self-expression-in-the-caucasus/) - Do Caucasians feel that they have the right to express themselves publicly? Not so much! While many Georgians (61%) think so, in Armenia and Azerbaijan, public opinion is mixed on this topic. FreedomofspeechView more presentations from Katy Pearce. - [Elections in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/elections-in-the-caucasus/) - South Caucasians aren't so sure if their national elections are conducted fairly. Only half of Armenians (50%) and Azerbaijanis (46%) feel that the last election was fair. Nearly two-third of Georgians (63%), however, feel that their last election was fair. Interestingly, over a third of Armenians (46%) are certain that the last election wasn't fair, - [Migration in the Caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/migration-in-the-caucasus/) - Based on an analysis of the 2010 Caucasus Barometer, I found that there are significant differences in interest in temporary and permanent migration in the three Caucasus Republics. All three countries have a pretty strong interest in migration, especially temporarily. This question is about "interest in" -- not ability to migrate, however. And as there ## Pages - [CV](https://www.katypearce.net/curriculumvitae/) - Link to PDF version on Google Drive -- I don't keep this as updated as I should! - [AI Empowerment](https://www.katypearce.net/ai-empowerment/) - Practical AI tools and strategies for educators and researchers balancing teaching, scholarship, and family life. Learn to work smarter, not longer. Live webinar AI for Academic Moms, Dads, and Other Caregivers: Balancing Teaching, Research, and Life 1.5 hours via Zoom$70 USD Discounts available for graduate students, contingent faculty, and underemployed individuals. Next sessions: August 2025 - [AI Empowerment - archived page](https://www.katypearce.net/ai-empowermentarchived/) - AI Empowerment Welcome to the AI Empowerment Series, where we unlock the potential of artificial intelligence to help your academic life. Our series is dedicated to providing educators, researchers, and academic professionals with advanced AI tools and strategies that enhance teaching effectiveness, streamline research processes, and simplify administrative duties. We aim to empower educators to - [Media Mentions](https://www.katypearce.net/media-mentions/) - Why have set-ups let us down? UW Daily. February 10, 2026. You Can't Trust Everything Generative AI Tells You. Here's What to Do About It. CNET. May 21, 2025. UW professor looks for ways to make the ethical best of AI-enhanced learning. KUOW [interview]. May 20, 2025. The Professors Are Using ChatGPT, and Some Students - [Contact & Social](https://www.katypearce.net/contact-and-social-media/) - Email: kepearce at uw dot edu Academia.edu profile ORCID ID Mendeley profile LinkedIn RIP - Professional/public Twitter @katypearce Mastodon @katypearce BlueSky @katypearce Threads @katypearce - [Bio](https://www.katypearce.net/bio/) - Katy E. Pearce is an associate professor in the Department of Communication at the University of Washington and holds affiliations with the Ellison Center for Russian East European, and Central Asian Studies and the Center for an Informed Public. Her research focuses on social and political uses of technologies and digital content in the transitioning - [Graduate Student Recruitment](https://www.katypearce.net/graduate-student-recruitment/) - I am a faculty member in the Department of Communication at the University of Washington, in Seattle, USA. Who are you? If you're interested in working with me, I'd like to share a bit about my perspective and the general profile of students that I work with to help you better understand how my department - [What I'm Currently Working On](https://www.katypearce.net/what-im-currently-working-on/) - In the Fall 2024 quarter, I'm doing the following: Working as chair of the Communication and Technology Division of the International Communication Association Being an Associate Editor at the Journal of Computer-mediated Communication Teaching undergraduate research methods Teaching undergraduate technology and society Working on a Armenia and misinformation project Working on stigma project Working on - [Infographics for research methods](https://www.katypearce.net/infographics-for-research-methods/) - All of the infographics on this page are under a CC BY-NY Creative Commons license. This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. I use these infographics primarily within "social - [Technology & Society/Computer-mediated Communication infographics](https://www.katypearce.net/technology-society-computer-mediated-communication-infographics/) - All of the infographics on this page are under a CC BY-NY Creative Commons license. This license enables reusers to distribute, remix, adapt, and build upon the material in any medium or format for noncommercial purposes only, and only so long as attribution is given to the creator. Please be sure to attribute any use - [Video Presentations](https://www.katypearce.net/presentations/) - Pearce, K. E. (2022, June). Digital divide, culture & intersectionality. Governing Conversations Series, The Digital Interests Lab at NYU and the Yale Information Society Project. video Pearce, K. E. (2018, May). Social media and the Armenian revolution. Armenia Tomorrow at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles. video (start at 59:00) Pearce, K. E. - [Recommendation Letter Requests](https://www.katypearce.net/recommendation-letter-requests/) - Many students ask me for letters of recommendation for graduate school, study abroad programs, internships, and scholarship opportunities. I'm happy to do this and I enjoy writing letters for excellent students. Do not be shy in asking - this is part of my job! But before you ask me, first think about if I will - [CAT Vice Chair Statement](https://www.katypearce.net/cat-vice-chair-statement/) - I'm running for vice chair of the Communication and Technology Division of the International Communication Association. I'm asking for your support. Voting opens 1 September and closes 15 October. To vote, search your email for ICA and you'll find the link to the ballot. Alternatively, log into your ICAHDQ.org profile and you can access the - [Journals I Read](https://www.katypearce.net/journals-i-read/) - This is the RSS feed of the journals that I read - it is a mix of social science, especially Communication journals, with area studies journals. RSS feed Save - [Teaching](https://www.katypearce.net/teaching/) - MORE HERE SOON Syllabi Letter of recommendation requests Save - [Research](https://www.katypearce.net/research-2/) - My research looks at the adoption and use of information and communication technologies in less-studied cultural, economic, and political contexts - mainly authoritarian post-Soviet states, and primarily Armenia and Azerbaijan. People in these states experience great inequalities both when compared with the rest of the world and within their own societies. Resources are unevenly distributed - [Social Network Analysis](https://www.katypearce.net/social-network-analysis/) - I do a lot of social media analysis. What does this mean? What is a social network analysis? Via Wikipedia: Social network analysis (SNA) is the methodical analysis of social networks. Social network analysis views social relationships in terms of network theory, consisting of nodes (representing individual actors within the network) and ties (which represent - [Why the Caucasus?](https://www.katypearce.net/why-the-caucasus/) - Fairly often I am asked why I am so interested in the Caucasus. So here's the story: In 1997 I was in my first year of university. I wanted to take a course, but by the time that I was able to register, the course was full. The only other course at the same time - [Caucasus Technology Statistics](https://www.katypearce.net/caucasus-technology-statistics/) - Because my work looks at inequalities related to technology in the Caucasus, I've been tracking Internet, mobile phone, and personal computer penetration rates for years. Putting them all in one place seems like a good idea! First, I want to acknowledge that measuring technology use and ownership isn't easy. I detail the problems associated with - [Caucasus Barometer](https://www.katypearce.net/caucasus-barometer/) - I do a lot of analysis of public opinion data from the South Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia) courtesy of the Caucasus Barometer. While most of the time I look at technology adoption and use, fairly often I have a moment where I wonder "What do Armenians/Azerbaijanis/Georgians think about X" and I'll use the Caucasus ## Categories - [Uncategorized](https://www.katypearce.net/category/uncategorized/) - [CaucasusBarometer](https://www.katypearce.net/category/caucasusbarometer/) ## Tags - [armenia](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/armenia/) - [computer](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/computer/) - [ict](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/ict/) - [internet](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/internet/) - [azerbaijan](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/azerbaijan/) - [migrants](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/migrants/) - [migration](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/migration/) - [infographic](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/infographic/) - [georgia](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/georgia/) - [karabakh](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/karabakh/) - [nagornokarabakh](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/nagornokarabakh/) - [nk](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/nk/) - [armelection](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/armelection/) - [election](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/election/) - [homosexuality](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/homosexuality/) - [mobile](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/mobile/) - [mobileinternet](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/mobileinternet/) - [kazakhstan](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/kazakhstan/) - [facebook](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/facebook/) - [odnoklassniki](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/odnoklassniki/) - [sns](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/sns/) - [socialnetworkingsite](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/socialnetworkingsite/) - [socialnetworkingsites](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/socialnetworkingsites/) - [publicopinion](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/publicopinion/) - [elections](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/elections/) - [caucasus](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/caucasus/) - [court](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/court/) - [courts](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/courts/) - [judges](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/judges/) - [judicial](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/judicial/) - [judicialsystem](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/judicialsystem/) - [ruleoflaw](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/ruleoflaw/) - [trust](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/trust/) - [adoption](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/adoption/) - [armenian](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/armenian/) - [computeradoption](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/computeradoption/) - [diffusion](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/diffusion/) - [digitaldivide](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/digitaldivide/) - [informationcommunicationtechnology](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/informationcommunicationtechnology/) - [internetadoption](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/internetadoption/) - [personalcomputer](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/personalcomputer/) - [technology](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/technology/) - [technologyadoption](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/technologyadoption/) - [publicopinionpolling](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/publicopinionpolling/) - [gender](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/gender/) - [sexratio](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/sexratio/) - [women](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/women/) - [centralasia](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/centralasia/) - [crrc](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/crrc/) - [kyrgyzstan](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/kyrgyzstan/) - [tajikistan](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/tajikistan/) - [sanitation](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/sanitation/) - [debt](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/debt/) - [savings](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/savings/) - [poverty](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/poverty/) - [food](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/food/) - [income](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/income/) - [cajucasusbarometer](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/cajucasusbarometer/) - [english](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/english/) - [methods](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/methods/) - [social media](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/social-media/) - [sex](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/sex/) - [policy](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/policy/) - [internetfreedom](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/internetfreedom/) - [internet freedom](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/internet-freedom/) - [igf](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/igf/) - [twitter](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/twitter/) - [ebrd](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/ebrd/) - [television](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/television/) - [speaking](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/speaking/) - [travel](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/travel/) - [#protestbaku](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/protestbaku/) - [nodexl](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/nodexl/) - [hashtag](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/hashtag/) - [#khadijautan](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/khadijautan/) - [#noedxl](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/noedxl/) - [#ismayilli](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/ismayilli/) - [russian](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/russian/) - [language](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/language/) - [hayrikyan](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/hayrikyan/) - [#armvote13](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/armvote13/) - [foursquare](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/foursquare/) - [consumption](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/consumption/) - [#iditord](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/iditord/) - [ushahidi](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/ushahidi/) - [barevolution](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/barevolution/) - [khojaly](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/khojaly/) - [protest](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/protest/) - [#10mart](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/10mart/) - [atheist](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/atheist/) - [religion](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/religion/) - [nato](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/nato/) - [eu](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/eu/) - [tagsexplorer](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/tagsexplorer/) - [evnvote13](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/evnvote13/) - [tag](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/tag/) - [talk](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/talk/) - [usda](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/usda/) - [voting](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/voting/) - [10000imza](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/10000imza/) - [itu](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/itu/) - [gallup](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/gallup/) - [media](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/media/) - [azvote13](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/azvote13/) - [secki2013](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/secki2013/) - [#azvote2013](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/azvote2013/) - [#besdir](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/besdir/) - [lifeintransition](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/lifeintransition/) - [democracy](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/democracy/) - [interpersonaltrust](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/interpersonaltrust/) - [lifeintransitions](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/lifeintransitions/) - [putinout](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/putinout/) - [idp](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/idp/) - [economic](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/economic/) - [bribe](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/bribe/) - [bribery](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/bribery/) - [mobilephone](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/mobilephone/) - [socialmedia](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/socialmedia/) - [socialnetworking](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/socialnetworking/) - [region](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/region/) - [age](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/age/) - [friends](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/friends/) - [visualization](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/visualization/) - [analysis](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/analysis/) - [data](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/data/) - [dataanalysis](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/dataanalysis/) - [beyonce](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/beyonce/) - [sxsw](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/sxsw/) - [sxswi](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/sxswi/) - [researchmethods](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/researchmethods/) - [memes](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/memes/) - [identification](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/identification/) - [worldvaluessurvey](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/worldvaluessurvey/) - [worldvaluesurvey](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/worldvaluesurvey/) - [sanctions](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/sanctions/) - [meme](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/meme/) - [islam](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/islam/) - [happiness](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/happiness/) - [internetpenetration](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/internetpenetration/) - [CaucasusBarometer](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/caucasusbarometer/) - [violence](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/violence/) - [instagram](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/instagram/) - [politicalsystem](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/politicalsystem/) - [bullying](https://www.katypearce.net/tag/bullying/)